PriFi.info

Exchange access and country rules

Where the seven privacy coins tracked on this site can be traded, and what the rules say country by country. Hover over the map for a country's rules, and open any entry below for the full detail and its sources.

  • 73 jurisdictions
  • 14 exchanges
  • 98 listings checked
  • 64 changes logged

Checked on 13 Oct 2026. Information only, not legal advice.

Rules on the map

Each jurisdiction is coloured by the strongest rule found on privacy coins; the legend runs from the strictest to the least strict. Stripes mark entries that could not be fully verified.

World map of the strongest rule on privacy coins in each jurisdiction reviewed. The country list below gives the same information.
  • Crypto trading barred 11
  • Exchanges barred from listing 37
  • Delisted under pressure 2
  • Mixers targeted 4
  • No restriction found 19
  • Not reviewed
  • Not fully verified

Country rules

Hover over or tap a country

Or choose one from the menu above the map. You will see the strongest rule found, whether exchanges may list privacy coins, whether people may hold them, and how mixers are treated.

73 jurisdictions, checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Country rules

73 jurisdictions from A to Z. Open an entry for what the rule says and where it comes from. The 24 EU member states without their own entry follow the European Union entry.

Show all 73 jurisdictionsHide all 73 jurisdictions
European Union Exchanges barred from listing Applies in all 27 member states 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Article 76(3) of the Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (EU) 2023/1114, applicable since 30 December 2024, requires the operating rules of a trading platform to prevent the admission to trading of crypto-assets with an inbuilt anonymisation function unless the platform operator can identify their holders and transaction history; the provision binds trading platform operators only, and under Article 143(3) firms serving clients under older national regimes could continue only until 1 July 2026 at the latest. From 10 July 2027, Article 79(1) of the AML Regulation (EU) 2024/1624 reaches all crypto-asset service providers, not only trading platforms: it prohibits them, along with credit and financial institutions, from keeping anonymous crypto-asset accounts or any account allowing the anonymisation or increased obfuscation of transactions, including through anonymity-enhancing coins, which the Regulation defines as crypto-assets with built-in features designed to make crypto-asset transfer information anonymous, either systematically or optionally. Neither instrument bars individuals from holding privacy coins in their own wallets, and recital 160 of the AML Regulation says the prohibition does not apply to providers of hardware, software or self-hosted wallets that have no access to or control over those wallets. The Transfer of Funds Regulation (EU) 2023/1113 has applied the travel rule to crypto-asset transfers since 30 December 2024 and, in recital 17, describes transfers involving privacy wallets, mixers or tumblers as carrying specific high-risk factors. As exchange behaviour rather than law, Kraken halted Monero trading and deposits for EEA clients on 31 October 2024, saying regulatory changes left it no choice.

Instruments: Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA), Article 76(3); Regulation (EU) 2024/1624 (AML Regulation), Article 79(1) from 10 July 2027

Member states: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden. France, Germany and the Netherlands have their own entries with national detail.

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Afghanistan Crypto trading barred Barred Restricted No specific rule Reported

Afghanistan's central bank ordered a halt to crypto trading in August 2022 and Herat police arrested dealers, so privacy coins are barred too.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Restricted
Mixers
No specific rule
Confidence
Reported

A Bloomberg report republished on 27 August 2022 said Afghanistan's central bank had that month ordered a nationwide halt to cryptocurrency trading, quoting a Herat police official who said the bank had told police to stop all money changers, individuals and businesspeople from trading. The report said 13 people were arrested in Herat, most later freed on bond, and more than 20 crypto-related businesses there were shut. The order has not been published, so its exact date, legal basis and wording are unknown, and we could not check for later changes. The report does not mention privacy coins or mixers; they fall under the general bar.

Instrument: Da Afghanistan Bank order halting cryptocurrency trading, August 2022 (not published)

Sources

Reported: secondary sources only. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Algeria Crypto trading barred Barred Barred No specific rule 28 Dec 2017 Confirmed

Algeria bans buying, selling, using or holding any cryptocurrency, privacy coins included, and a July 2025 law added prison terms.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Barred
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
28 Dec 2017
Confidence
Confirmed

Article 117 of the Finance Law for 2018 (Law 17-11 of 27 December 2017, published in Official Journal no. 76 of 28 December 2017) prohibits the purchase, sale, use and holding of so-called virtual currency and says breaches are punished under the laws and regulations in force. Law 25-10 of 24 July 2025 (Official Journal no. 48 of the same date) added article 6 bis to Law 05-01 on money laundering and terrorist financing, which prohibits issuing, buying, selling, using, holding, trading or promoting virtual assets, and creating or operating platforms to exchange them, whether as a means of payment or as an investment, and extends the prohibition to crypto mining. A new article 31 bis punishes breaches of article 6 bis with two months to one year in prison and a fine of DZD 200,000 to 1,000,000, or either penalty. Neither law names privacy coins or mixers; they fall under the general prohibition.

Instrument: Finance Law for 2018 (Law 17-11 of 27 December 2017), art. 117; Law 25-10 of 24 July 2025 adding arts. 6 bis and 31 bis to Law 05-01

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Argentina Mixers targeted Unknown Allowed Barred by rule Confirmed

Registered crypto providers must not offer tools designed to hide where transactions come from or go to; privacy coins are not named.

Exchange listing
Unknown
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Barred by rule
Confidence
Confirmed

CNV General Resolution 1058/2025, published on 14 March 2025 and in force 45 days after publication, requires registered virtual asset service providers (PSAV) to refrain from offering services, tools or mechanisms designed to make it hard to identify the origin and destination of virtual asset transactions, to the detriment of financial traceability and anti-money laundering policies (CNV Rules, Title XIV, Chapter III, art. 24, item q). The resolution does not name privacy coins, and no CNV guidance or exchange notice was found on whether listing them falls under that duty. UIF Resolution 49/2024, in force since 26 March 2024, tells providers to give special weight in their alerts to operations with virtual assets that try to prevent traceability or obtain greater anonymity (art. 34, item b, point xvi), which treats them as a risk signal rather than barring them. No rule restricting individuals from holding privacy coins and no mixer prosecutions were found.

Instrument: CNV Resolución General 1058/2025 (CNV Rules, Title XIV, Chapter III, art. 24, item q); UIF Resolución 49/2024, art. 34

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Australia Delisted under pressure Allowed Allowed No specific rule 31 Aug 2020 Reported

No Australian rule bars privacy coins; CoinSpot dropped Monero in 2020 amid reported regulatory pressure, but Zcash still trades on CoinSpot and Swyftx.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
31 Aug 2020
Confidence
Reported

No Australian law or AUSTRAC rule was found that bars individuals from holding privacy coins or bars registered exchanges from listing them, and the Department of Home Affairs page on the AML/CTF reforms for the sector, which gives 31 March 2026 as the commencement date, mentions no privacy-coin or mixer measure. In August 2020 CoinSpot told clients holding Monero, Bytecoin and Zcoin that trading in them would halt from 31 August; ForkLog said the move related to regulatory requirements, CoinCodex quoted a CoinSpot support representative referring to 'pressure from external institutions', and a reported Swyftx delisting was not confirmed at the time. On 13 October 2026 CoinSpot's Monero page said the coin was 'unavailable to trade at this time', Swyftx quoted no Monero price, and BTC Markets, Independent Reserve and CoinJar listed no Monero market, while CoinSpot still quoted Zcash and Dash and Swyftx quoted Zcash, Horizen and Beam. No Australian rule or sanctions designation aimed at mixers or privacy protocols was identified, although the AUSTRAC and DFAT websites could not be reached for this check.

Instrument: CoinSpot halt of Monero, Bytecoin and Zcoin trading from 31 August 2020 (an exchange decision, not a rule)

Sources

Reported: secondary sources only. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Austria Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Austria is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Bahrain No restriction found Allowed Allowed No specific rule Confirmed

No rule found that bars privacy coins; licensed crypto firms must weigh built-in anonymity features before listing and flag funds linked to mixers.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
Confidence
Confirmed

The Central Bank of Bahrain Rulebook, Volume 6, Crypto-asset Module, requires licensees to identify transactions involving tainted wallet addresses, including those involving tumblers (CRA-4.1.4), and to have processes to spot crypto-assets that may have been tainted, for example through mixer and tumbler services (CRA-5.5.3); both rules were added in April 2023. These are monitoring duties, not a prohibition on mixers. Under CRA-4.3.14, also added in April 2023, licensees must risk-assess each crypto-asset before listing it, considering among other factors whether it has any built-in anonymisation functions and whether its transactions can be traced and monitored, but the rule does not bar such assets. Searches of the online rulebook on 13 October 2026 for privacy coin, anonymity, anonymous crypto, tumblers and traceability found no provision barring licensees from dealing in privacy coins. Exchange listings in Bahrain were not checked.

Instrument: Central Bank of Bahrain Rulebook, Volume 6, Crypto-asset Module (CRA-4.1.4, CRA-4.3.14 and CRA-5.5.3)

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Bangladesh Crypto trading barred Effectively barred Restricted No specific rule 24 Dec 2017 Reported

Bangladesh's central bank says crypto trading is not allowed and may breach money laundering law, so privacy coins are caught too.

Exchange listing
Effectively barred
Holding by individuals
Restricted
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
24 Dec 2017
Confidence
Reported

The Law Library of Congress lists Bangladesh in its strictest category ('absolute ban'), citing a Bangladesh Bank cautionary notice on Bitcoin transactions of 24 December 2017 and press reporting that the central bank warned against transactions in Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, which it said may violate the Money Laundering Prevention Act 2012. The report adds that in July 2021, after press reports that the central bank had told police that crypto trading was not in itself a criminal offence, the bank clarified that crypto trading is not allowed at all. The position rests on central bank notices rather than a statute naming crypto. We could not open the notices themselves or check for 2025 or 2026 changes, and no rule found names privacy coins or mixers.

Instrument: Bangladesh Bank cautionary notice on Bitcoin transactions, 24 December 2017

Sources

Reported: secondary sources only. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Belgium Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Belgium is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Bolivia No restriction found Allowed Allowed No specific rule 25 Jun 2024 Not verified

Bolivia's central bank reopened payment channels to crypto on 25 June 2024, and no rule singling out privacy coins or mixers was found.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
25 Jun 2024
Confidence
Not verified

Banco Central de Bolivia Board Resolution 082/2024 of 25 June 2024 left without effect Board Resolution 144/2020 of 15 December 2020, which had barred financial entities from using, trading or negotiating crypto-assets, and enabled the use of electronic payment channels and instruments to buy and sell virtual assets; the central bank announced it on 26 June 2024 in coordination with the financial regulator (ASFI) and the financial intelligence unit (UIF). The central bank reported US$430 million of virtual-asset operations in the year after the resolution (press release of 27 June 2025), and in July 2025 it signed a cooperation memorandum on crypto-assets with El Salvador's National Commission of Digital Assets. We checked the central bank's virtual-asset press releases from 2024 to 2026 and a site search for Resolution 082/2024, which listed no later resolution, and found no rule singling out privacy coins, mixers or anonymity features. Exchange listings and financial intelligence unit rules were not reviewed, so the absence of a privacy-specific rule rests on absence of evidence.

Instrument: Banco Central de Bolivia Board Resolution 082/2024 of 25 June 2024 (enabling electronic payment channels and instruments for buying and selling virtual assets)

Sources

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Brazil Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Barred by rule 2 Feb 2026 Confirmed

Since 2 February 2026, licensed crypto firms may not offer assets designed to aid money laundering through anonymity; existing firms are still in transition.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Barred by rule
In force from
2 Feb 2026
Confidence
Confirmed

Resolução BCB nº 520 of 10 November 2025, in force since 2 February 2026, requires each licensed virtual asset provider's listing policy to bar the offer of assets with features that favour fraud or crime, for example assets designed to favour money laundering or terrorist financing by facilitating anonymity or making the holder hard to identify (art. 64, § 2, III), and bars providers from contracting, adopting or using mechanisms that hinder the detection or investigation of crimes, such as mixers, tumblers or bots that hide the authors or beneficiaries of transactions (art. 90, III). The rule names no coins and leaves the assessment to each provider's listing committee. Firms already operating have 270 days from 2 February 2026 to apply for authorisation and may keep operating while their application is decided; until the central bank rules on phase 1 of the application they must observe only art. 88 and rules expressly aimed at firms in adaptation, and they must comply in full after that (art. 88, §§ 1 to 3 and 6). On 13 October 2026 Mercado Bitcoin's public API still showed Zcash (ZEC) listed and trading against the Brazilian real, with no Monero (XMR) market, and Resolução BCB nº 589 of 23 September 2026 amended reporting and counterparty provisions without changing arts. 64 or 90. No rule restricting individuals from holding privacy coins or using mixers was found.

Instrument: Resolução BCB nº 520/2025, arts. 64, 88 and 90

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Bulgaria Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Bulgaria is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Canada Delisted under pressure Allowed Allowed No specific rule 2 Sep 2025 Confirmed

No rule bars privacy coins; Kraken dropped Monero for Canadian clients on 2 September 2025, citing compliance requirements, but still offers Zcash.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
2 Sep 2025
Confidence
Confirmed

No Canadian statute, securities regulator rule or FINTRAC instrument was found that bars individuals from holding privacy coins or platforms from listing them. FINTRAC's virtual currency money laundering indicators (published June 2021, modified 19 November 2021) list a portfolio made up of privacy coins, large swaps of bitcoin into privacy coins and funds passed through mixers or tumblers among its indicators, while noting that, on its own, a single indicator may not appear suspicious. Kraken's notice, last updated 21 August 2025, paused Monero (XMR) deposits for Canadian clients and disabled XMR trading from 2 September 2025 due to recent compliance requirements in Canada, without naming the rule; its country restrictions page, updated 30 September 2026, bars Canadian clients from depositing, holding or trading XMR but does not list Zcash (ZEC). On 13 October 2026 the Canadian platform NDAX listed no privacy coins in its public API; other Canadian platforms were not checked. No Canadian sanctions or prosecutions aimed at mixers were found.

Instrument: Kraken delisting notice for Monero in Canada (2025); FINTRAC virtual currency ML/TF indicators (2021)

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

China Crypto trading barred Barred Restricted No specific rule 15 Sep 2021 Confirmed

Mainland China has barred crypto trading services since September 2021, restated in a February 2026 notice, so no platform may offer privacy coins there.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Restricted
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
15 Sep 2021
Confidence
Confirmed

A notice dated 6 February 2026 (Yinfa [2026] No. 42), issued by the People's Bank of China with seven other authorities and in force from publication, treats virtual currency business as a prohibited financial activity: fiat-to-crypto and crypto-to-crypto exchange, acting as a central counterparty, information and pricing services for trading, token issuance financing and trading of crypto-related financial products. It also bars offshore firms and individuals from providing virtual currency services to mainland parties, bars unapproved issuance of renminbi-pegged stablecoins abroad, restricts real-world asset tokenisation and repeals the notice of 15 September 2021 (Yinfa [2021] No. 237), under which the same bar on crypto business had applied since 2021. Holding is not made an offence, but investments in virtual currency that breach public order and good morals are void in civil law and any losses fall on the investor, so holding is classed here as restricted. Neither notice mentions privacy coins, mixers or anonymity; they are caught by the general bar on crypto business.

Instrument: Notice on further preventing and disposing of risks related to virtual currency and other matters (Yinfa [2026] No. 42), People's Bank of China and seven other authorities, 6 February 2026, which replaced Yinfa [2021] No. 237 of 15 September 2021

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Croatia Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Croatia is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Cyprus Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Cyprus is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Czechia Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Czechia is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Denmark Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Denmark is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Egypt Crypto trading barred Barred Restricted No specific rule 15 Sep 2020 Reported

Egypt bars individuals, banks and other financial institutions from dealing in cryptocurrency, which covers privacy coins.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Restricted
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
15 Sep 2020
Confidence
Reported

The Law Library of Congress lists Egypt in its strictest category ('absolute ban'), citing a Central Bank of Egypt warning statement of 10 January 2018 and article 206 of the Central Bank and Banking System Law No. 194 of 2020 (Official Gazette of 15 September 2020), and states that individuals, banks and other financial institutions are prohibited from dealing in cryptocurrencies. The report does not say that holding as such is prohibited, so holding is classed here as restricted. We could not open the law or a central bank release because the bank's website rejected automated requests, so the exact wording of article 206, including any licensing route, is not confirmed, and we could not check for 2025 or 2026 changes. No rule found names privacy coins or mixers; they fall under the general prohibition.

Instrument: Central Bank and Banking System Law No. 194 of 2020, art. 206; Central Bank of Egypt warning of 10 January 2018

Sources

Reported: secondary sources only. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Estonia Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Estonia is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Finland Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Finland is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

France Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

Trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and a 2025 law extends a laundering presumption to privacy coins and mixers.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

As an EU member, France applies MiCA Article 76(3), which since 30 December 2024 has required trading platforms to refuse crypto-assets with an inbuilt anonymisation function unless holders and transaction history can be identified, and from 10 July 2027 Article 79 of the AML Regulation bars crypto firms from keeping accounts that allow anonymisation through anonymity-enhancing coins. Article 7 of Law No 2025-532 of 13 June 2025 on drug trafficking, published on 14 June 2025, added a paragraph to Article 324-1-1 of the Penal Code, which presumes assets to be criminal proceeds where the conditions of a transaction can have no justification other than concealing their origin or beneficial owner: the presumption now expressly applies, under those same conditions, to transactions made with a crypto-asset that has an inbuilt anonymisation function or with any type of account or technique that anonymises or obscures crypto-asset transactions. The same wording was added to Article 415-1 of the Customs Code, and the Conseil constitutionnel's decision of 12 June 2025, which struck down other parts of the law, did not examine these provisions. The law does not ban holding privacy coins or using mixers, and this review did not identify a French sanction or prosecution aimed specifically at a mixer.

An EU member state: the European Union entry sets out the EU-wide rules.

Instrument: MiCA Article 76(3) (EU); Law No 2025-532 of 13 June 2025 on drug trafficking, Article 7 (Penal Code Article 324-1-1, Customs Code Article 415-1)

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Germany Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Sanctioned or prosecuted 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

Trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and German authorities have shut down crypto mixers such as ChipMixer.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Sanctioned or prosecuted
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

As an EU member, Germany applies MiCA Article 76(3), which since 30 December 2024 has required trading platforms to refuse crypto-assets with an inbuilt anonymisation function unless holders and transaction history can be identified, and from 10 July 2027 Article 79 of the AML Regulation bars crypto firms from keeping accounts that allow anonymisation through anonymity-enhancing coins; this review did not identify a German statute or BaFin rule specific to privacy coins. Enforcement has targeted mixing and swapping services: on 15 March 2023 the Frankfurt prosecutors' cybercrime unit (ZIT) and the Bundeskriminalamt (BKA) seized ChipMixer's German server infrastructure and bitcoin worth about EUR 44 million, on suspicion of commercial money laundering and running a criminal online trading platform. On 30 April 2025 the same authorities, working closely with the Dutch FIOD, shut down eXch, a crypto swapping service that did not require users to identify themselves, and seized crypto-assets worth about EUR 34 million. On 26 November 2025, working with Swiss authorities, Europol and Eurojust, they shut down the crypto mixer cryptomixer.io and seized about EUR 25 million in crypto-assets.

An EU member state: the European Union entry sets out the EU-wide rules.

Instrument: MiCA Article 76(3) (EU); BKA and ZIT takedowns of ChipMixer (2023), eXch (2025) and cryptomixer.io (2025)

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Greece Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Greece is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Hong Kong No restriction found Allowed Allowed No specific rule Confirmed

No rule bars privacy coins, but SFC guidance tells licensed platforms to assess their money-laundering risk and refrain if it cannot be managed.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
Confidence
Confirmed

No Hong Kong law or Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) rule was found that bars privacy coins, and individuals may hold them. The SFC Guidelines for Virtual Asset Trading Platform Operators (June 2023) require due diligence on each token, including its money-laundering risks (paragraph 7.6), and SFC approval before a token is offered to retail clients (paragraph 16.4), but name no privacy-coin ban, and nor does the SFC's July 2025 licensing handbook for platforms. The SFC anti-money-laundering guideline for licensed virtual asset service providers lists anonymity-enhanced virtual assets, mixers, tumblers and privacy wallets as risks to assess (paragraphs 12.2.1 and 12.2.2), says firms should refrain from such transactions if those risks cannot be mitigated and managed, and treats mixer-linked wallets as suspicious sources when screening transfers (paragraph 12.7.3). HashKey Exchange's market list fetched on 13 October 2026 includes no Monero, Zcash or Dash. No Hong Kong sanction, prosecution or ban on mixers was found.

Instrument: SFC Guideline on Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Financing of Terrorism (for licensed corporations and SFC-licensed virtual asset service providers), paragraphs 12.2.1 and 12.2.2

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Hungary Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Hungary is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Iceland Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed No specific rule 24 Jun 2025 Confirmed

Trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, under EU MiCA rules, part of the EEA Agreement since 24 June 2025.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
24 Jun 2025
Confidence
Confirmed

MiCA, Regulation (EU) 2023/1114, became part of the EEA Agreement through Joint Committee Decision No 041/2025 of 20 February 2025, which entered into force on 24 June 2025; ESMA's interim MiCA register lists a crypto-asset service provider authorised under MiCA by the Central Bank of Iceland on 25 June 2026, but this review could not open Iceland's own implementing act, so the date MiCA took effect in Icelandic law is not confirmed. Its Article 76(3) requires a trading platform's operating rules to prevent the admission to trading of crypto-assets with an inbuilt anonymisation function unless the platform can identify their holders and transaction history; it does not bar individuals from holding privacy coins. The EU AML Regulation (EU) 2024/1624, which from 10 July 2027 bars crypto firms in the EU from keeping accounts that allow anonymisation, including through anonymity-enhancing coins, is still under scrutiny for incorporation into the EEA Agreement, so it does not yet apply to Iceland. As exchange behaviour, Kraken halted Monero trading and deposits for clients registered in the EEA on 31 October 2024, citing regulatory changes. No rule aimed at mixers was found in the instruments checked.

Instrument: Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA), Article 76(3), incorporated into the EEA Agreement by Joint Committee Decision No 041/2025

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

India Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Barred by rule 8 Jan 2026 Confirmed

Registered crypto firms may not handle deposits, withdrawals or dealings in privacy coins, under FIU-IND guidelines in force since 8 January 2026.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Barred by rule
In force from
8 Jan 2026
Confidence
Confirmed

Virtual digital asset service providers have been reporting entities under the Prevention of Money-Laundering Act since a Ministry of Finance notification of 7 March 2023, and the Director of FIU-IND has been their designated anti-money-laundering regulator since 9 November 2023. Paragraph 7.4 of the FIU-IND AML and CFT Guidelines for these firms, updated on 8 January 2026, says they shall refrain from permitting deposits or withdrawals of anonymity-enhancing crypto tokens, shall treat dealings in them as not permissible and shall not facilitate such transactions. Paragraph 7.5 applies the same approach to transactions involving tumblers, mixers and other anonymity-enhancing services, which firms must detect and not facilitate. The guidelines bind registered service providers, including those based outside India, and contain no rule on individuals holding privacy coins in their own wallets. WazirX's public market API, fetched on 13 October 2026, still marks its XMR/USDT, ZEC/INR and ZEC/USDT pairs as trading and does not show whether deposits and withdrawals of these coins are open.

Instrument: FIU-IND AML and CFT Guidelines for Reporting Entities Providing Services Related to Virtual Digital Assets (updated 8 January 2026), paragraphs 7.4 and 7.5

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Indonesia No restriction found Unknown Unknown Unknown Not verified

Not verified: two large Indonesian exchanges list no Monero or Zcash, but the regulator's rules on tradable coins could not be checked.

Exchange listing
Unknown
Holding by individuals
Unknown
Mixers
Unknown
Confidence
Not verified

The public market APIs of Indodax and Tokocrypto, fetched on 13 October 2026, show no Monero (XMR) or Zcash (ZEC) trading pairs. The Financial Services Authority (OJK) rules on crypto-asset trading, including OJK Regulation 27 of 2024, and the official list of tradable crypto assets could not be retrieved, so it is not confirmed whether privacy coins are excluded by rule or simply not listed. Mixer rules were not checked.

Sources

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Iraq Crypto trading barred Effectively barred Unknown No specific rule Reported

Iraq's central bank has barred dealing in cryptocurrency, so privacy coins are restricted along with all other coins.

Exchange listing
Effectively barred
Holding by individuals
Unknown
Mixers
No specific rule
Confidence
Reported

The Law Library of Congress lists Iraq in its strictest category ('absolute ban'), citing a statement by the Central Bank of Iraq, and also cites Law No. 39 of 2015 on combating money laundering. The report does not give the statement's date or wording, so whether individuals may hold crypto is unknown and no start date is recorded. We could not open the central bank statement or check for 2025 or 2026 changes. No rule found names privacy coins or mixers.

Instrument: Central Bank of Iraq statement on cryptocurrency (date not given in the secondary source)

Sources

Reported: secondary sources only. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Ireland Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Ireland is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Israel No restriction found Unknown Unknown Unknown Not verified

Not verified: Israeli regulators' websites could not be accessed, so rules on privacy coins were not checked.

Exchange listing
Unknown
Holding by individuals
Unknown
Mixers
Unknown
Confidence
Not verified

The gov.il pages of the Capital Market, Insurance and Savings Authority and the Israel Money Laundering and Terror Financing Prohibition Authority refused automated access on 13 October 2026, so licensing and anti-money-laundering rules for crypto service providers could not be checked for privacy-coin or mixer provisions. Holding, exchange and mixer positions are therefore unknown.

No source could be opened for this entry.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Italy Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Italy is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Japan Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed No specific rule 24 Oct 2018 Confirmed

Industry rules binding Japan's registered exchanges have barred coins whose transfers cannot be traced since 24 October 2018; individuals may still hold them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
24 Oct 2018
Confidence
Confirmed

No statute stops individuals holding or using privacy coins, but Article 4(3) of the Rules on Handling of Crypto Assets of the Japan Virtual and Crypto assets Exchange Association (JVCEA), the certified self-regulatory body, says members must not handle crypto-assets whose transfer records cannot be traced or are extremely difficult to trace unless those problems are resolved. The clause is in the 2018 text of the rules, which took effect on 24 October 2018, and a firm that does not join the JVCEA cannot be registered unless it adopts equivalent internal rules (Payment Services Act, Article 63-5(1)(vi)). The FSA's supervisory guidelines cite the clause when setting out how the FSA judges which crypto-assets an exchange may handle (section I-1-2-3), and link it to the duty in Article 23(1)(v) of the Cabinet Office Ordinance not to handle crypto-assets that could harm user protection or the proper conduct of the business. The market lists of bitFlyer, Coincheck, bitbank and GMO Coin fetched on 13 October 2026 include no Monero, Zcash or Dash, and no mixer-specific sanction, prosecution or ban was found. An amendment enacted on 15 July 2026, mostly due to take effect within a year of promulgation, moves crypto-asset trading into the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act and bars firms from handling crypto-assets that fail standards to be set by Cabinet Office Ordinance (new Article 43-7), without itself mentioning traceability.

Instrument: JVCEA Rules on Handling of Crypto Assets, Article 4(3), binding on registered exchanges through Payment Services Act Article 63-5(1)(vi) and cited in the FSA guidelines for crypto-asset exchange service providers, section I-1-2-3

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Kenya Mixers targeted Unknown Allowed Barred by rule 4 Nov 2025 Confirmed

Licensed crypto firms may not offer mixers or anonymity-enhancing services; the law does not name privacy coins and existing firms have until 4 November 2026.

Exchange listing
Unknown
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Barred by rule
In force from
4 Nov 2025
Confidence
Confirmed

Section 21(1)(a) of the Virtual Asset Service Providers Act, 2025 says a licensed provider shall 'not undertake mixer or tumbler services or anonymity-enhancing services', and section 2 defines anonymity-enhancing services as 'offering, facilitating or executing transactions in digital assets, with the effect or intention of concealing information'. Breach is an offence under section 21(2), punishable under section 40(3) by a fine of up to ten million shillings, up to five years' imprisonment, or both, for an individual and a fine of up to 25 million shillings for a company. Neither the Act nor the Virtual Asset Service Providers Regulations, 2026 (Legal Notice 134 of 2026, in force 22 July 2026) names privacy coins, and no regulator guidance was found on whether listing them counts as an anonymity-enhancing service, so the effect on exchange listings is untested. The Act commenced on 4 November 2025, section 47 gives existing providers one year from commencement (to 4 November 2026) to comply, and it places no restriction on individuals holding privacy coins.

Instrument: Virtual Asset Service Providers Act, 2025 (Act No. 20 of 2025), section 21(1)(a)

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Kuwait Crypto trading barred Barred Restricted No specific rule 18 Jul 2023 Reported

Kuwait's regulators barred using crypto for payment or investment, and crypto mining, in July 2023 and will not license crypto firms, privacy coins included.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Restricted
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
18 Jul 2023
Confidence
Reported

Cointelegraph reported that a Capital Markets Authority circular of 18 July 2023 on the supervision and issuance of virtual assets set an 'absolute prohibition' on using virtual assets for payment or investment and on crypto mining, and that Kuwaiti regulators may not license firms to provide virtual asset services as a business; the Central Bank of Kuwait, the Ministry of Commerce and Industry and the Insurance Regulatory Unit reportedly issued similar circulars. Securities and other financial instruments regulated by the central bank and the authority are excluded. The Law Library of Congress had earlier recorded a Central Bank of Kuwait press release of 18 January 2018 under which financial institutions are prohibited from dealing in cryptocurrencies. We could not open the circular itself, so whether it binds individuals as well as regulated firms is not confirmed and holding is classed here as restricted; no rule found names privacy coins or mixers.

Instrument: Capital Markets Authority circular on the supervision and issuance of virtual assets, 18 July 2023, with parallel circulars from other Kuwaiti regulators

Sources

Reported: secondary sources only. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Latvia Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Latvia is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Liechtenstein Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed No specific rule 1 Feb 2025 Confirmed

Trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, under EU MiCA rules, applied in Liechtenstein since 1 February 2025.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
1 Feb 2025
Confidence
Confirmed

Liechtenstein's EEA MiCA Implementation Act (EWR-MiCA-DG) entered into force on 1 February 2025 and, according to the Financial Market Authority, pre-implemented MiCA, Regulation (EU) 2023/1114, until MiCA became part of the EEA Agreement through Joint Committee Decision No 041/2025, which entered into force on 24 June 2025; providers registered under the TVTG could continue without MiCA authorisation until 1 July 2026. Its Article 76(3) requires a trading platform's operating rules to prevent the admission to trading of crypto-assets with an inbuilt anonymisation function unless the platform can identify their holders and transaction history; it does not bar individuals from holding privacy coins. The EU AML Regulation (EU) 2024/1624, which from 10 July 2027 bars crypto firms in the EU from keeping accounts that allow anonymisation, including through anonymity-enhancing coins, is still under scrutiny for incorporation into the EEA Agreement, so it does not yet apply to Liechtenstein. As exchange behaviour, Kraken halted Monero trading and deposits for clients registered in the EEA on 31 October 2024, citing regulatory changes. No rule aimed at mixers was found in the instruments checked.

Instrument: Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA), Article 76(3), pre-implemented by the EEA MiCA Implementation Act (EWR-MiCA-DG) from 1 February 2025 and part of the EEA Agreement since 24 June 2025

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Lithuania Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Lithuania is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Luxembourg Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Luxembourg is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Malaysia Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed No specific rule 20 May 2026 Confirmed

Licensed crypto exchanges may not offer privacy tokens for trading, under Securities Commission guidelines in force since 20 May 2026.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
20 May 2026
Confidence
Confirmed

Paragraph 15.24 of the Securities Commission Malaysia Guidelines on Recognized Markets (SC-GL/6-2015(R14-2026), revised 20 May 2026) states that a digital asset exchange operator must not permit a privacy token to be offered for trading on its platforms. The accompanying guidance defines a privacy token as a digital token that is intended to enhance user anonymity and transaction confidentiality. The SC's summary of amendments describes paragraph 15.24 as a new requirement, introduced with a liberalised listing framework under which exchanges assess listings themselves instead of seeking SC concurrence. The rule binds registered exchanges; the guidelines contain no provision on individuals holding privacy coins or on mixers.

Instrument: Securities Commission Malaysia Guidelines on Recognized Markets, SC-GL/6-2015(R14-2026), paragraph 15.24

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Malta Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Malta is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Mexico No restriction found Allowed Allowed No specific rule Not verified

No privacy-coin rule found. A 2019 Banxico rule bars banks and fintechs from offering crypto services to clients; Bitso lists no privacy coins.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
Confidence
Not verified

Banco de México Circular 4/2019, published on 8 March 2019 and in force from the next day, lets banks and financial technology institutions use virtual assets only for internal operations with prior Banxico authorisation, and makes requests to provide clients with exchange, transmission or custody services ineligible (rule 3.a). Authorisation requests must describe protocol features that allow transactions to be followed and transaction records to be freely accessed (rule 6.a, IV, b); this concerns traceability but does not name or bar privacy coins. A decree published on 16 July 2025, in force the next day, amended the anti-money laundering law (LFPIORPI) so that platforms offering virtual asset exchange as a vulnerable activity must obtain, keep and make available accurate information on the originator, recipient and any beneficial owner of virtual asset operations (art. 17, XVI); it names no privacy coins or mixers. No rule was found that bars exchanges from listing privacy coins or that targets mixers, and on 13 October 2026 Bitso's public API showed no Monero, Zcash or Dash markets. Not checked: the general rules under the LFPIORPI, which the decree required to be updated within twelve months, the consolidated text of the law and any later amendments to the circular.

Instrument: Banco de México Circular 4/2019; LFPIORPI, art. 17, XVI (as amended on 16 July 2025)

Sources

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Morocco Crypto trading barred Effectively barred Restricted No specific rule 20 Nov 2017 Reported

Morocco's exchange office says crypto transactions breach exchange rules; a bill to regulate crypto-assets was still under review in July 2026.

Exchange listing
Effectively barred
Holding by individuals
Restricted
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
20 Nov 2017
Confidence
Reported

The Law Library of Congress cites an Office des Changes press release of 20 November 2017 ('Mise au point au sujet de l'utilisation des monnaies virtuelles') informing the public that transactions conducted using virtual currencies violate Morocco's foreign exchange regulations and are subject to penalties and fines. A draft crypto-asset law, Bill 42.25, prepared by the Ministry of Economy and Finance with Bank Al-Maghrib and the capital market authority (AMMC), was published in November 2025; the Law Library of Congress describes it as moving beyond the longstanding prohibition under foreign exchange rules. The Law Library of Congress reported in March 2026 that the bill had not been enacted, and Morocco World News reported on 22 July 2026 that it was still under review with no firm date for submission to Parliament; we found no report of its enactment since. We could not open the 2017 press release or the bill, so we could not check whether the bill would restrict anonymity-enhanced coins, and no rule in force names privacy coins or mixers.

Instrument: Office des Changes press release on the use of virtual currencies, 20 November 2017

Sources

Reported: secondary sources only. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Nepal Crypto trading barred Barred Barred No specific rule 9 Sep 2021 Confirmed

Nepal's central bank says buying, holding, using or mining any crypto breaches foreign exchange law, so privacy coins are caught too.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Barred
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
9 Sep 2021
Confidence
Confirmed

A Nepal Rastra Bank Foreign Exchange Management Department notice published on 3 April 2023 (2079/12/20 in the Bikram Sambat calendar), issued under section 12 of the Foreign Exchange (Regulation) Act 2019 BS, states that transactions in virtual currency or cryptocurrency (including stablecoins), NFTs, digital assets and decentralised finance breach that Act and the Act Restricting Investment Abroad 2021 BS. It warns that residents, Nepali citizens abroad and Nepal-registered firms found using, investing in, acquiring ownership of, transferring, remitting, exchanging or mining such assets will face action under existing law. The notice restates earlier notices, including one on cryptocurrency transactions dated 2078/05/24 BS (posted on 9 September 2021) and one on Bitcoin from 2074 BS (2017). It names decentralised finance but not privacy coins or mixers, which fall under the general prohibition. A search of the central bank's website found no later notice on crypto.

Instrument: Nepal Rastra Bank notices under section 12 of the Foreign Exchange (Regulation) Act 2019 BS, latest published 3 April 2023

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Netherlands Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Sanctioned or prosecuted 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

Trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and a Dutch court convicted a Tornado Cash developer in 2024.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Sanctioned or prosecuted
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

As an EU member, the Netherlands applies MiCA Article 76(3), which since 30 December 2024 has required trading platforms to refuse crypto-assets with an inbuilt anonymisation function unless holders and transaction history can be identified, and from 10 July 2027 Article 79 of the AML Regulation bars crypto firms from keeping accounts that allow anonymisation through anonymity-enhancing coins; this review found no Dutch statute that bans holding privacy coins or using mixers. On 14 May 2024 the Rechtbank Oost-Brabant convicted Tornado Cash developer Alexey Pertsev of money laundering and imposed 64 months' imprisonment, finding that the tool combined maximum anonymity and optimal concealment techniques with a serious lack of features enabling identification, control or detection (ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2024:2069). Press reports say he was released under electronic monitoring on 7 February 2025 and that his appeal was still pending in October 2026; no appeal ruling in the case had appeared in the judiciary's open data by 13 October 2026. The FIOD and the Public Prosecution Service also took the Sinbad.io mixer offline on 27 November 2023, seizing its servers in the Netherlands and Finland, and the FIOD worked closely with German authorities on the April 2025 shutdown of the swapping service eXch.

An EU member state: the European Union entry sets out the EU-wide rules.

Instrument: MiCA Article 76(3) (EU); Rechtbank Oost-Brabant judgment of 14 May 2024, ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2024:2069 (Tornado Cash)

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

New Zealand No restriction found Allowed Allowed No specific rule Not verified

No New Zealand rule singles out privacy coins or mixers; crypto firms handling them face the usual anti-money-laundering checks.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
Confidence
Not verified

Virtual asset service providers must comply with the Anti-Money Laundering and Countering Financing of Terrorism Act 2009, and no provision was found that names privacy coins, mixers or tumblers. The AML/CFT reform Cabinet papers proactively released on 19 September 2025 and 12 December 2025 propose banning crypto ATMs and barring businesses from accepting more than NZ$5,000 in cash for an international funds transfer, through an AML/CFT (Omnibus) Amendment Bill that the Ministry of Justice said in July 2026 was due to be introduced in mid-2026; neither release contains a measure on privacy coins or mixers. Two amendment Acts passed on 18 May 2026 eased compliance duties and made the Department of Internal Affairs the sole AML/CFT supervisor from 1 July 2026, and the Ministry's summary of them mentions no privacy-coin measure. Checked: the Ministry of Justice AML/CFT and legislative changes pages and both Cabinet paper releases; the Department of Internal Affairs, FMA and New Zealand Legislation websites could not be reached for this check.

Sources

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Nigeria No restriction found Allowed Allowed No specific rule Confirmed

No Nigerian rule singles out privacy coins or mixers; crypto firms are overseen by the SEC and the CBN, and banks may open accounts for them.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
Confidence
Confirmed

The Investments and Securities Act 2025, assented to on 25 March 2025, empowers the SEC to register and regulate virtual asset service providers, and neither it nor the SEC's 2022 Rules on Issuance, Offering Platforms and Custody of Digital Assets mentions privacy coins, anonymity-enhancing features or mixers. The CBN letter of 5 February 2021 (BSD/DIR/PUB/LAB/014/001) reminded banks and other regulated institutions that dealing in or facilitating payments for cryptocurrency is prohibited; it was addressed to financial institutions rather than individuals, and the CBN later issued Guidelines on Operations of Bank Accounts for Virtual Assets Service Providers (FPR/DIR/PUB/CIR/002/003), dated 2 January 2024 in its circulars listing. The Presidential Executive Order on Virtual Assets Coordination, 2026, announced on 17 July 2026, set up a Virtual Asset Council chaired by the CBN and assigns registration of payment, settlement and custody services for non-security virtual assets to the CBN and of securities-type activity to the SEC; the State House release describes no privacy-coin measure. On 13 October 2026 Quidax, one of the two exchanges in the SEC's Accelerated Regulatory Incubation Program, quoted live Dash pairs but had no Monero or Zcash market, and Busha, the other, listed no privacy coins.

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Norway Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed No specific rule 1 Jul 2025 Confirmed

Trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, under EU MiCA rules applied in Norway by law since 1 July 2025.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
1 Jul 2025
Confidence
Confirmed

MiCA, Regulation (EU) 2023/1114, became part of the EEA Agreement through Joint Committee Decision No 041/2025 of 20 February 2025, which entered into force on 24 June 2025 after Norway met its constitutional requirements on 10 June 2025, and section 1 of Norway's Act of 27 May 2025 No. 20 on crypto-assets (kryptoeiendelsloven) gives MiCA the force of law from 1 July 2025. Its Article 76(3) requires a trading platform's operating rules to prevent the admission to trading of crypto-assets with an inbuilt anonymisation function unless the platform can identify their holders and transaction history; it does not bar individuals from holding privacy coins, and virtual currency exchange and custody providers registered under the old regime could continue until 30 December 2025 at the latest. The EU AML Regulation (EU) 2024/1624, which from 10 July 2027 bars crypto firms in the EU from keeping accounts that allow anonymisation, including through anonymity-enhancing coins, is still under scrutiny for incorporation into the EEA Agreement, so it does not yet apply to Norway. As exchange behaviour, Kraken halted Monero trading and deposits for clients registered in the EEA on 31 October 2024, citing regulatory changes. No rule aimed at mixers was found in the instruments checked.

Instrument: Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA), Article 76(3), made Norwegian law by the Act of 27 May 2025 No. 20 on crypto-assets (kryptoeiendelsloven)

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Pakistan No restriction found Allowed Allowed No specific rule 21 Aug 2026 Confirmed

No outright bar: since 21 August 2026 licensed firms may handle privacy coins only if they can meet every anti-money-laundering duty.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
21 Aug 2026
Confidence
Confirmed

Regulation 97(2) of the Pakistan Virtual Asset Services Regulations, 2026 (S.R.O. 1419(I)/2026, notified on 21 August 2026 under the Virtual Assets Act, 2026) lets a licensee deal in virtual assets with anonymity-enhancing or privacy-enhancing features only where it can meet all AML/CFT/CPF obligations, including customer due diligence, monitoring, sanctions screening and the Travel Rule, and says it shall not provide services in them where it cannot. Regulation 12(3) of the Activity Specific Regulations, 2026 (S.R.O. 1420(I)/2026) allows the Pakistan Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority (PVARA) to restrict, prohibit or impose conditions on transfers involving privacy-enhancing technologies, anonymising protocols and mixers; no direction under it was found on PVARA's website on 13 October 2026. The Act requires a licence for virtual asset services, and no provision was found that bars individuals from holding privacy coins. Firms operating on or before 5 March 2026 had until 5 September 2026 to apply for a no-objection certificate, so licensed exchange practice is not yet established.

Instrument: Pakistan Virtual Asset Services Regulations, 2026 (S.R.O. 1419(I)/2026), regulation 97(2), made under the Virtual Assets Act, 2026

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Philippines No restriction found Unknown Unknown Unknown Not verified

No privacy-coin rule found in the central bank's crypto rules, but the securities regulator's crypto rules could not be checked.

Exchange listing
Unknown
Holding by individuals
Unknown
Mixers
Unknown
Confidence
Not verified

Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas Circular No. 1108 (Guidelines for Virtual Asset Service Providers, 26 January 2021) notes the higher degree of anonymity in virtual assets as a risk but contains no provision on privacy coins or mixers. The Coins.ph public market API, fetched on 13 October 2026, shows no Monero or Zcash pairs. The Securities and Exchange Commission's website, which publishes its rules for crypto-asset service providers, refused automated access, so those rules were not checked.

Instrument: Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas Circular No. 1108, Series of 2021 (Guidelines for Virtual Asset Service Providers)

Sources

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Poland Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Poland is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Portugal Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Portugal is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Qatar Crypto trading barred Effectively barred Restricted No specific rule 2 Feb 2018 Reported

Qatar bars its banks from dealing in crypto and bars crypto services in the Qatar Financial Centre, privacy coins included.

Exchange listing
Effectively barred
Holding by individuals
Restricted
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
2 Feb 2018
Confidence
Reported

The Law Library of Congress cites Qatar Central Bank Circular No. 6/2018 of 2 February 2018, which effectively prohibits all banks operating in Qatar from dealing in cryptocurrencies, with penalties for violators, and reports that the Qatar Financial Centre bars cryptocurrency-related activities, including exchanges, within the centre. These measures target banks and Qatar Financial Centre firms; no rule addressed to individual holders was found, so holding is classed here as restricted. We could not open the circular or the Qatar Financial Centre rules directly (the centre's regulator refused automated requests) or check for 2025 or 2026 changes. No rule found names privacy coins or mixers.

Instrument: Qatar Central Bank Circular No. 6/2018; Qatar Financial Centre bar on cryptocurrency-related activities

Sources

Reported: secondary sources only. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Romania Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Romania is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Russia No restriction found Allowed Allowed No specific rule Confirmed

Russia's 2026 crypto law has no rule on privacy coins, but ordinary investors may only buy coins on a Bank of Russia list.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
Confidence
Confirmed

Federal Law No. 282-FZ of 4 August 2026 on digital currencies and digital rights, in force since 1 September 2026, contains no provision on privacy or anonymity-enhanced coins; a keyword search of the officially published text found none, and its Article 35 instead requires intermediaries to screen coins and addresses for links to activity that carries criminal or administrative liability, before each transaction or within three working days after it. Under Article 31, non-qualified investors may buy only coins admitted to public trading, which requires a place on a Bank of Russia list limited, apart from temporary additions of up to six months, to coins averaging over 5 trillion roubles in market capitalisation and over 1 trillion roubles in daily trading volume over the previous two years, while trading organisers may admit other coins for qualified investors; from 1 July 2027, Article 30 requires residents to deal through licensed intermediaries. Article 1(6) bars accepting crypto as payment for goods and services in Russia unless the law provides otherwise. The Bank of Russia's concept of 23 December 2025 proposed letting qualified investors buy any cryptocurrency except anonymous ones whose smart contracts conceal transfer information, but no such exclusion appears in the enacted law, which also contains no rule on mixers.

Instrument: Federal Law No. 282-FZ of 4 August 2026 on digital currencies and digital rights

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Saudi Arabia No restriction found Unknown Unknown Unknown Not verified

Not verified: no privacy-coin rule was found, but Saudi regulators' statements on crypto could not be located for this update.

Exchange listing
Unknown
Holding by individuals
Unknown
Mixers
Unknown
Confidence
Not verified

The Saudi Central Bank (SAMA) and Capital Market Authority websites were reachable on 13 October 2026, but no statement on virtual assets or privacy coins could be located through them for this update. Holding, exchange and mixer positions are therefore unknown, and whether any general restriction on crypto trading applies was not confirmed either way.

No source could be opened for this entry.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Singapore No restriction found Allowed Allowed No specific rule Confirmed

No rule bars privacy coins; licensed crypto firms must treat privacy coins and mixers as signs of higher money-laundering risk.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
Confidence
Confirmed

The Monetary Authority of Singapore's Guidelines to MAS Notice PSN02 (last revised 1 July 2025) list customers' use of mixers, tumblers or other anonymity-enhancing technologies as a risk factor and say anonymising features such as tumblers, mixers and privacy coins should at minimum be treated as indicators of higher-risk transactions. MAS Notice PSN02 (last revised 30 June 2025) requires licensed digital payment token service providers to pay special attention to technologies that favour anonymity and forbids anonymous accounts, but neither document prohibits privacy coins or mixers. Singapore exchange listings were not checked for this update.

Instrument: MAS Notice PSN02 and Guidelines to MAS Notice PSN02 (revised 30 June and 1 July 2025)

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Slovakia Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Slovakia is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Slovenia Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Slovenia is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

South Africa No restriction found Allowed Allowed No specific rule Confirmed

No South African rule singles out privacy coins or mixers; the local exchange VALR still offers Zcash and Dash trading.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
Confidence
Confirmed

Crypto asset service providers are accountable institutions under item 22 of Schedule 1 to the Financial Intelligence Centre Act, and those giving financial services need an FSCA licence because General Notice 1350 of 2022 declared crypto assets a financial product under the FAIS Act, but no provision was found that bars privacy coins or mixers. The FIC's sector risk assessment of 1 April 2025 lists swapping into anonymity-enhanced or privacy coins, and funds sourced from mixing services or tumblers, as red-flag indicators to be weighed with other risk factors, not as prohibited activity, and the FIC's travel rule guidance PCC 61 of 30 March 2026 contains no privacy-coin rule. On 13 October 2026 VALR's public API showed active ZEC/USDC and DASH/USDC pairs while its Monero pairs were inactive, and Luno listed no privacy coins. Checked: the FIC crypto asset service provider page, sector risk assessment and PCC 61, and the FSCA declaration in Government Gazette No. 47334.

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

South Korea Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed No specific rule 25 Mar 2021 Confirmed

Korean exchanges must not handle coins built to hide their transfer records, a rule in force since 25 March 2021; individuals may still hold them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
25 Mar 2021
Confidence
Confirmed

Article 28, item 2 of the Regulation on Reporting and Supervision of Specified Financial Transaction Information, made under Article 10-20, item 6 of the Enforcement Decree of the Act on Reporting and Using Specified Financial Transaction Information, requires virtual asset service providers to check whether a coin has built-in technology that stops its transfer records being identified between addresses and, once aware of it, not to handle that coin. The Financial Services Commission announced this bar on so-called dark coins on 17 February 2021, the clause is in the version of the regulation in force from 25 March 2021, when the virtual asset anti-money-laundering regime took effect, and the same wording is in the version in force from 2 October 2026. The rule binds virtual asset service providers only, and no provision was found that stops individuals holding such coins. The market lists of Upbit, Bithumb, Coinone, Korbit and GOPAX fetched on 13 October 2026 include no Monero, Zcash or Dash. No mixer-specific sanction, prosecution or ban was found.

Instrument: Regulation on Reporting and Supervision of Specified Financial Transaction Information, Article 28, item 2, made under Article 10-20, item 6 of the Enforcement Decree of the Act on Reporting and Using Specified Financial Transaction Information

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Spain Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Spain is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Sweden Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Unknown 30 Dec 2024 Confirmed

EU trading platforms may not list privacy coins whose holders cannot be identified, and from 10 July 2027 crypto firms may not offer accounts using them.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Unknown
In force from
30 Dec 2024
Confidence
Confirmed

Sweden is an EU member state and follows the EU-wide rules in the European Union entry, which gives the detail and sources. Its national rules were not reviewed separately.

Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Switzerland Mixers targeted Allowed Allowed Sanctioned or prosecuted Confirmed

No Swiss rule bars privacy coins, but Zurich police and prosecutors, with German authorities, shut down the Cryptomixer mixing service in November 2025.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Sanctioned or prosecuted
Confidence
Confirmed

No Swiss statute or FINMA rule found in this review bars holding privacy coins or listing them. FINMA Guidance 02/2019 of 26 August 2019 applies Article 10 AMLO-FINMA, which requires information on the client and the beneficiary to travel with payment orders, to blockchain transfers, so until a supervised firm can exchange that information it may only send to or receive from external wallets proven to belong to its own customers or to third parties it has identified. From 24 to 28 November 2025, Zurich City Police, Zurich Cantonal Police and the Public Prosecutor's Office Zurich, working with Germany's Federal Criminal Police Office and Frankfurt prosecutors and supported by Europol and Eurojust, took down the Cryptomixer mixing service, which Europol said was suspected of facilitating cybercrime and money laundering, seizing three servers in Switzerland, the cryptomixer.io domain and more than EUR 25 million in Bitcoin.

Instrument: Zurich police and Public Prosecutor's Office takedown of Cryptomixer (24 to 28 November 2025); FINMA Guidance 02/2019

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Taiwan No restriction found Allowed Allowed No specific rule Not verified

No privacy-coin rule found, and Taiwan's 2026 licensing law, not yet in force, does not single them out; local exchanges checked do not list them.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
Confidence
Not verified

No Taiwanese law or Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC) rule was found that bars privacy coins, and individuals may hold them. The Virtual Asset Service Act, promulgated on 22 July 2026 and not yet in force (the Executive Yuan will set the start date), requires trading platforms to set listing and delisting review standards under rules the FSC will issue (Article 25) but does not single out privacy coins. The FSC's VASP Guiding Principles of 26 September 2023 require listing reviews to cover compliance with laws such as the Money Laundering Control Act, and the anti-money-laundering regulations for virtual asset service providers (amended 26 November 2024) require customer identification, but neither excludes any type of coin. The market lists of MAX and BitoPro fetched on 13 October 2026 include no Monero, Zcash or Dash. No mixer-specific sanction or ban was found.

Sources

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Thailand No restriction found Unknown Unknown Unknown Not verified

Not verified: the Thai exchange Bitkub has stopped Monero, Zcash and Dash trading, but no rule requiring this could be confirmed.

Exchange listing
Unknown
Holding by individuals
Unknown
Mixers
Unknown
Confidence
Not verified

Bitkub's public market API, fetched on 13 October 2026, lists the XMR/THB, ZEC/THB and DASH/THB pairs as stopped with buying and selling frozen; the pairs were created in February and April 2020, and the API does not show when or why trading stopped. The Securities and Exchange Commission's website (sec.or.th) refused automated access on 13 October 2026, so its digital asset listing rules could not be checked for a privacy-coin provision. Holding, exchange and mixer positions are therefore recorded as unknown.

Sources

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Tunisia Crypto trading barred Effectively barred Restricted No specific rule Reported

Tunisia restricts cryptocurrency and its central bank does not recognise it as payment, so privacy coins face the same limits.

Exchange listing
Effectively barred
Holding by individuals
Restricted
Mixers
No specific rule
Confidence
Reported

The Law Library of Congress lists Tunisia in its strictest category ('absolute ban'), citing an undated Central Bank of Tunisia press release stating that the bank does not recognise or deal in cryptocurrencies as a form of payment, and a May 2021 press report of a 17-year-old arrested in Tunisia for using cryptocurrency in an online activity. The report does not identify a statute naming crypto, and no start date is recorded. We could not open the central bank release or check for 2025 or 2026 changes. No rule found names privacy coins or mixers.

Instrument: Central Bank of Tunisia press release on cryptocurrencies (undated)

Sources

Reported: secondary sources only. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Turkey Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed No specific rule 30 Jun 2025 Confirmed

Licensed Turkish crypto platforms may not list coins that hide wallet addresses in transfers, a rule in force since 30 June 2025.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
In force from
30 Jun 2025
Confidence
Confirmed

Article 21(1)(d) of the Capital Markets Board's Communiqué III-35/B.2 on the working procedures, principles and capital adequacy of crypto asset service providers, published in Official Gazette No. 32840 on 13 March 2025 and applying from 30 June 2025 under its Article 55, requires crypto assets listed on licensed platforms not to be of a kind that allows transfers that hide wallet addresses, and Article 22(1)(e) makes the traceability of crypto asset transactions one of the factors in each platform's written listing procedure. The rule governs what platforms may list and does not bar individuals from holding such coins. The Central Bank's Regulation on the Disuse of Crypto Assets in Payments, in force since 30 April 2021, bars using crypto assets directly or indirectly in payments and bars payment and e-money institutions from intermediating for crypto platforms, but does not bar holding or trading. Neither instrument mentions mixers.

Instrument: Capital Markets Board Communiqué III-35/B.2 on crypto asset service providers, Article 21(1)(d)

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Ukraine No restriction found Allowed Allowed No specific rule Confirmed

Ukraine has no rule on privacy coins, and its 2022 virtual assets law has still not entered into force.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
Confidence
Confirmed

Ukraine's Law No. 2074-IX on virtual assets of 17 February 2022 takes effect only when amendments to the Tax Code on the taxation of virtual asset transactions take effect, and the official legislation portal still listed it as not in force on 13 October 2026, with its current text dated 15 November 2024. The law contains no provision on privacy coins, anonymity or mixers. With no virtual asset licensing regime in force, this review found no Ukrainian rule that bars individuals from holding privacy coins or service providers from offering them, though it could not read the full text of the anti-money laundering law (No. 361-IX) or track 2025 and 2026 bills.

Instrument: Law of Ukraine No. 2074-IX on virtual assets of 17 February 2022 (not in force)

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

United Arab Emirates Exchanges barred from listing Barred Allowed Barred by rule 1 Nov 2022 Confirmed

Licensed crypto firms in Dubai, including the DIFC financial centre, may not deal in privacy coins, under rules in force since 2022 and 2023.

Exchange listing
Barred
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Barred by rule
In force from
1 Nov 2022
Confidence
Confirmed

Dubai's Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority (VARA) states in its Virtual Asset Issuance Rulebook of 7 February 2023 that, as specified in the Virtual Assets and Related Activities Regulations 2023, issuing Anonymity-Enhanced Cryptocurrencies and all virtual asset activities related to them are prohibited in the Emirate. In the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC), rule GEN 3A.2.2 of the Dubai Financial Services Authority (DFSA) General Module, in force since 1 November 2022 and last amended from 12 January 2026, says a person must not carry on a financial service relating to a Privacy Token or one that involves the use of a Privacy Device, and DFSA guidance treats tokens with optional privacy features as Privacy Tokens. Both rules apply to licensed and regulated activity, and the DIFC rule on Privacy Devices covers tools for hiding or preventing the tracing of transactions; no rule was found that stops individuals holding privacy coins in their own wallets. The VARA rulebook opened is the February 2023 version, because VARA's current rulebook pages refused automated access on 13 October 2026, and Abu Dhabi Global Market and federal rules were not re-checked for this update.

Instrument: Dubai VARA Virtual Assets and Related Activities Regulations 2023 (prohibition on Anonymity-Enhanced Cryptocurrencies); DFSA General Module rule GEN 3A.2.2 (DIFC)

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

United Kingdom No restriction found Allowed Allowed No specific rule Confirmed

No UK rule bars privacy coins, though Kraken reportedly stopped Monero trading for UK clients in 2021, citing UK regulatory requirements.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
No specific rule
Confidence
Confirmed

No UK statute or FCA rule found in this review bars individuals from holding privacy coins or registered firms from offering them: in Consultation Paper CP25/41 of December 2025 the FCA said its crypto remit is currently limited to overseeing how cryptoassets are promoted and to anti-money laundering, counter-terrorist financing and proliferation financing standards, and the admissions, disclosures and market abuse rules it proposes contain no rule on privacy coins. The same paper says the government laid the draft Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Cryptoassets) Regulations 2025 before Parliament in December 2025 to bring cryptoassets within the FCA's regulatory remit. Since 1 September 2023, when regulation 5 (cryptoasset transfers) of the Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2022 came into force, registered firms have had to collect, verify and share information on the sender and recipient of crypto transfers. As exchange behaviour rather than law, Kraken stopped Monero trading for UK clients in November 2021 while leaving withdrawals open; the alleged text of a client letter, posted online and reported by ForkLog, said this was to comply with UK regulatory requirements. No rule aimed at mixers was found in the instruments checked, and this review did not run a wider search for UK mixer prosecutions.

Instrument: Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2022 (travel rule); FCA Consultation Paper CP25/41 (December 2025)

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

United States Mixers targeted Allowed Allowed Sanctioned or prosecuted Confirmed

No federal rule bars privacy coins, but mixer developers have been prosecuted and Tornado Cash was under US sanctions from 2022 to 2025.

Exchange listing
Allowed
Holding by individuals
Allowed
Mixers
Sanctioned or prosecuted
Confidence
Confirmed

No federal law or regulator rule bars individuals from holding privacy coins or exchanges from listing them: on 13 October 2026 the public APIs of Coinbase and Gemini showed Zcash (ZEC) markets, Coinbase returned no XMR-USD market, Kraken's API showed XMR and ZEC pairs online, and Kraken's country restrictions page (updated 30 September 2026) set no US limit on either coin. OFAC designated the Tornado Cash mixer on 8 August 2022 and removed it on 21 March 2025, after the Fifth Circuit held in Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury (26 November 2024) that its immutable smart contracts are not property that can be blocked under IEEPA. Criminal cases against mixer developers continue: Roman Storm of Tornado Cash was convicted on 6 August 2025 of conspiring to operate an unlicensed money transmitting business, and his retrial on the undecided money laundering and sanctions counts was reported in August 2026 as postponed to 26 April 2027 while his motion for acquittal is pending; the two Samourai Wallet founders were sentenced in November 2025 to five and four years for a money transmitting conspiracy that knowingly moved criminal proceeds. A Deputy Attorney General memo of 7 April 2025 said the Justice Department would no longer target mixing and tumbling services for the acts of their end users or unwitting regulatory violations, except where that fits its stated priorities, and told prosecutors not to charge regulatory violations such as unlicensed money transmitting under 18 U.S.C. § 1960(b)(1)(A) and (B) without evidence of a wilful violation; it does not name the (b)(1)(C) limb on transmitting criminal proceeds. FinCEN announced on 5 October 2026, and the Federal Register published on 6 October 2026, the withdrawal of its 2023 proposal to treat international mixing as a class of transactions of primary money laundering concern.

Instrument: OFAC sanctions on Tornado Cash (2022 to 2025); DOJ prosecutions under 18 U.S.C. § 1960

Sources

Confirmed: a primary source states it. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Vietnam No restriction found Unknown Unknown Unknown Not verified

Not verified: Vietnam's new rules for licensed crypto trading could not be checked for any privacy-coin provision.

Exchange listing
Unknown
Holding by individuals
Unknown
Mixers
Unknown
Confidence
Not verified

Official sources on Vietnam's crypto-asset framework, including Government Resolution 05/2025/NQ-CP on a pilot crypto-asset market, could not be retrieved for this update. No privacy-specific rule is recorded, and holding, exchange and mixer positions are unknown.

No source could be opened for this entry.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence. Checked on 13 Oct 2026.

Exchange listings

Spot markets for the seven coins in the privacy-asset basket on 14 large exchanges, taken from each exchange's public market data and notices on 13 Oct 2026. Select a cell for its note and sources.

Swipe the table sideways to see all seven coins.

ExchangeZECZcashXMRMoneroDCRDecredZANOZanoARRRPirate ChainXVGVergeFIROFiro
BinanceRestrictedApr 2025Transparent onlyDelistedFeb 2024RestrictedApr 2025Never listedNever listedListedDelistedApr 2025
CoinbaseListedNov 2018Transparent onlyNever listedNever listedNever listedNever listedNever listedNever listed
KrakenListedOct 2016Transparent onlyRestrictedSep 2025ListedMay 2026Never listedNever listedNever listedNever listed
OKXListedNov 2025Shielded: unknownDelistedJan 2024Never listedNever listedNever listedNever listedNever listed
BybitDelistedFeb 2025Shielded: unknownNever listedDelistedNov 2024Never listedNever listedNever listedNever listed
BitgetListedDec 2025Shielded: unknownNever listedNever listedNever listedNever listedNever listedNever listed
KuCoinListedJul 2019Transparent onlyListedMar 2019ListedSep 2018Never listedDelistedSep 2023Never listedNever listed
GateListedShielded: unknownRestrictedListedNever listedListedRestrictedRestricted
HTXListedDec 2022Transparent onlyListedDec 2022ListedDec 2022Never listedNever listedListedDec 2022DelistedSep 2025
MEXCListedShielded: unknownListedListedListedDec 2023ListedJan 2024ListedListed
GeminiRestrictedMay 2018ShieldedNever listedNever listedNever listedNever listedNever listedNever listed
BitfinexListedOct 2016Shielded: unknownListedNov 2016DelistedMar 2022Never listedNever listedDelistedDec 2024Never listed
Crypto.comNever listedShielded: unknownNever listedNever listedNever listedNever listedNever listedNever listed
UpbitDelistedSep 2019Transparent onlyDelistedSep 2019DelistedDec 2020Never listedNever listedDelistedMay 2020DelistedMay 2020

Dates show when the current status began. Under ZEC, a second line says whether the exchange sends to and accepts shielded Zcash addresses.

Exchange access

How many of these 14 exchanges list each coin, day by day, from a daily check of each exchange's own public market data. A coin counts for an exchange while at least one of its spot pairs there is open for trading.

The history starts on 16 Oct 2026, when the daily check began, so each line grows from that day. It counts what each exchange's market data shows, and Gate's leaves out XMR, XVG and FIRO, whose markets still run, so they are not counted there. When an exchange does not answer, its last answer from the previous seven days stands in. The daily figures are in exchange-listings.json, listed on the Data page.

Last checked 18 Oct 2026, 01:23 UTC: all 14 exchanges answered. What they show agrees with the exchange table above.

The daily counts as a table
DayAnyZECXMRDCRZANOARRRXVGFIROAnswered
18 Oct 2026111156123114 of 14
17 Oct 2026111156123114 of 14
16 Oct 2026111156123114 of 14

Notes and sources by exchange

Binance Global platform (binance.com); Binance.US is a separate platform and is not covered

binance.com

ZEC Zcash Restricted since 25 Apr 2025

Not offered to Dubai users, who are moved to the separate Binance Dubai (FZE) exchange

ZEC trades against BTC, ETH, USDT, USDC, USD1 and U but has not been offered to Dubai users since their move to Binance Dubai (FZE) began on 25 Apr 2025; Binance says deposits containing shielded inputs are not credited and accepts only transparent (t) or TEX (tex) withdrawal addresses, and it removed the Monitoring Tag added on 4 Jan 2024 on 9 Jul 2025 (original listing date not established).

Zcash addresses: Transparent addresses only.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

XMR Monero Delisted since 20 Feb 2024

Trading on all XMR pairs ceased at 20 Feb 2024 03:00 UTC, deposits stopped being credited after 21 Feb 2024 and withdrawals ended after 20 May 2024; on 13 Oct 2026 all XMR pairs showed status BREAK and XMR deposits and withdrawals were disabled.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

DCR Decred Restricted since 25 Apr 2025

Not offered to Dubai users, who are moved to the separate Binance Dubai (FZE) exchange

Only the DCR/USDT spot pair trades today (DCR/BTC, DCR/BNB and DCR/BUSD show status BREAK) and DCR carries no Monitoring Tag, but it has not been offered to Dubai users since their move to Binance Dubai (FZE) began on 25 Apr 2025; a secondary report dates the original listing to 24 Oct 2018.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

ZANO Zano Never listed

No ZANO symbol of any status appears in the spot API, ZANO is absent from the deposit and withdrawal network list, and no Binance listing or delisting announcement for ZANO was found, so this rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ARRR Pirate Chain Never listed

No ARRR symbol of any status appears in the spot API, ARRR is absent from the deposit and withdrawal network list, and no Binance listing or delisting announcement for ARRR was found, so this rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

XVG Verge Listed

XVG/USDT, XVG/USDC and XVG/TRY trade with no Monitoring Tag, although Binance Margin and Loan delisted XVG on 17 Apr 2026 (spot unaffected); the original listing date was not established.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

FIRO Firo Delisted since 16 Apr 2025

Spot trading ceased at 16 Apr 2025 03:00 UTC after the first Vote to Delist batch, with withdrawals announced to end after 16 Jun 2025, yet on 13 Oct 2026 the network configuration still showed native FIRO withdrawals enabled and deposits disabled.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

Sources for the exchange as a whole

Coinbase Coinbase retail app, Coinbase Advanced and Coinbase Exchange spot markets; Coinbase International Exchange, derivatives and Base onchain wrapped tokens are not covered

coinbase.com

ZEC Zcash Listed since 29 Nov 2018

ZEC-USD (aliased to ZEC-USDC) is online on 13 Oct 2026 and Coinbase's UK and German buy pages say ZEC can be bought there; Coinbase's UK price page says it accepts ZEC from transparent and shielded addresses but does not support sending to shielded addresses, and the withdrawal address format accepts only t1, t3 and TEX addresses.

Zcash addresses: Transparent addresses only.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

XMR Monero Never listed

No XMR product, current or delisted, appears in the Coinbase Exchange or Advanced Trade product lists, the currency endpoint returns 404, and Coinbase's UK price page states that Monero is not tradable on Coinbase; no listing or delisting notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

DCR Decred Never listed

No DCR product, current or delisted, appears in the Coinbase Exchange or Advanced Trade product lists, the currency endpoint returns 404, and Coinbase's UK price page states that Decred is not tradable on Coinbase; no listing or delisting notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ZANO Zano Never listed

No ZANO product, current or delisted, appears in the Coinbase Exchange or Advanced Trade product lists, the currency endpoint returns 404, and Coinbase's UK price page states that Zano is not tradable on Coinbase; no listing or delisting notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ARRR Pirate Chain Never listed

No ARRR product, current or delisted, appears in the Coinbase Exchange or Advanced Trade product lists, the currency endpoint returns 404, and Coinbase's UK price page states that Pirate Chain is not tradable on Coinbase; no listing or delisting notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

XVG Verge Never listed

No XVG product, current or delisted, appears in the Coinbase Exchange or Advanced Trade product lists, the currency endpoint returns 404, and Coinbase's UK price page states that Verge is not tradable on Coinbase; no listing or delisting notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

FIRO Firo Never listed

No FIRO product, current or delisted, appears in the Coinbase Exchange or Advanced Trade product lists, the currency endpoint returns 404, and Coinbase's UK price page states that Firo is not tradable on Coinbase; no listing or delisting notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

Sources for the exchange as a whole

Kraken Kraken spot exchange across its regional entities; Kraken futures and derivatives are not covered

kraken.com

ZEC Zcash Listed since 28 Oct 2016

ZEC/USD and ZEC/EUR spot pairs are online in the public API (earliest ZEC/EUR trade 28 October 2016); Kraken's address-format article lists Zcash t-addresses as supported and zs or zc shielded addresses as not supported for withdrawals, does not mention unified or TEX addresses, and no regional ZEC restriction notice was found.

Zcash addresses: Transparent addresses only.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

XMR Monero Restricted since 2 Sep 2025

Not offered to clients in Ireland and Belgium (since 10 May 2024), the rest of the EEA (since 31 October 2024) or Canada (since 2 September 2025), and, per press reports only, the UK (since November 2021)

XMR pairs against USD, EUR, XBT, USDT and USDC are online in the public API; the EEA, Ireland, Belgium and Canada restrictions are on Kraken's own notices, while the UK restriction rests on press reports of a 2021 client letter and no Kraken page confirming it was found.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

DCR Decred Listed since 22 May 2026

The DCR/USD spot pair is online in the public API and its trade history starts on 22 May 2026, which is taken as the listing date; no listing announcement was found on Kraken's asset-listings blog and no regional restriction notice was found.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

ZANO Zano Never listed

ZANO is absent from the public AssetPairs and Assets endpoints, Kraken's own Zano price page says it is not available on Kraken, and no past listing or delisting announcement was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ARRR Pirate Chain Never listed

ARRR is absent from the public API and Kraken's own Pirate Chain price page says it is not available on Kraken; no past listing announcement was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

XVG Verge Never listed

XVG is absent from the public API and Kraken's own Verge price page says it is not available on Kraken; no past listing announcement was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

FIRO Firo Never listed

FIRO (and its former ticker XZC) is absent from the public AssetPairs and Assets endpoints, Kraken's own Firo price page says it is not available on Kraken, and no past listing or delisting announcement was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

Sources for the exchange as a whole

OKX Global platform at www.okx.com; regional entities (OKX Europe for the EEA, OKX US) are noted only where an OKX notice names them

okx.com

ZEC Zcash Listed since 24 Nov 2025

Relisted for spot trading on 24 Nov 2025 after the January 2024 delisting; ZEC-USDT, ZEC-USDC and ZEC-EUR are live in the spot API today (the ZEC-USDS pair launched on 24 Nov 2025 no longer appears), OKX notices say availability varies by region but name no excluded region, and no OKX article on shielded deposits or withdrawals was found.

Zcash addresses: Shielded support unknown.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

XMR Monero Delisted since 5 Jan 2024

All XMR spot pairs were delisted on 5 Jan 2024 (deposits suspended from 27 Dec 2023, withdrawals suspended from 5 Mar 2024), and no XMR pair appears in the spot API today.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

DCR Decred Never listed

No DCR pair appears in the spot API today and no OKX listing or delisting notice for DCR was found, so never-listed rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ZANO Zano Never listed

No ZANO pair appears in the spot API today and no OKX listing or delisting notice for ZANO was found, so never-listed rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ARRR Pirate Chain Never listed

No ARRR pair appears in the spot API today and no OKX listing or delisting notice for ARRR was found, so never-listed rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

XVG Verge Never listed

No XVG pair appears in the spot API today and no OKX listing or delisting notice for XVG was found, so never-listed rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

FIRO Firo Never listed

No FIRO (formerly XZC) pair appears in the spot API today and no OKX listing or delisting notice for FIRO or XZC was found, so never-listed rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

Sources for the exchange as a whole

Bybit Global platform (bybit.com) spot market; Bybit EU and other regional entities are separate and not covered

bybit.com

ZEC Zcash Delisted since 28 Feb 2025

Bybit ended ZEC/USDT spot trading after 08:00 UTC on 28 Feb 2025 (announced 24 Feb 2025, deposits closed 27 Feb 2025, withdrawals closed 28 May 2025); no spot pair in the API on 13 Oct 2026, although a ZECUSDT perpetual contract is still trading, and no Bybit page on shielded address support was found.

Zcash addresses: Shielded support unknown.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

XMR Monero Never listed

No XMR spot pair in the API on 13 Oct 2026 and no XMR spot listing or delisting notice in Bybit's announcement feed (which reaches back to mid-2022); XMR is offered only as perpetual contracts (XMRUSDT since 22 Dec 2021, XMRPERP USDC-settled since 20 Jan 2026).

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

DCR Decred Delisted since 22 Nov 2024

Bybit ended DCR/USDT spot trading after 08:00 UTC on 22 Nov 2024 (announced 15 Nov 2024, deposits closed 21 Nov 2024, withdrawals closed 21 Feb 2025); the original spot listing date was not found.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

ZANO Zano Never listed

No ZANO spot pair in the API on 13 Oct 2026 and no ZANO listing or delisting notice in Bybit's announcement feed, which reaches back to mid-2022.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ARRR Pirate Chain Never listed

No ARRR spot pair in the API on 13 Oct 2026 and no ARRR notice in Bybit's announcement feed; the PIRATE token in Bybit's delisting notices (for example the one of 16 Aug 2026) is a different asset, not Pirate Chain.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

XVG Verge Never listed

No XVG spot pair in the API on 13 Oct 2026 and no XVG spot notice in Bybit's announcement feed; XVG is offered only as the XVGUSDT perpetual contract, launched 5 Jul 2023.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

FIRO Firo Never listed

No FIRO spot pair in the API on 13 Oct 2026 and no FIRO listing or delisting notice in Bybit's announcement feed, which reaches back to mid-2022.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

Sources for the exchange as a whole

Bitget Global spot platform operated by Bitget Limited (Seychelles); regional entities such as Bitget EU and futures markets are separate and not covered

bitget.com

ZEC Zcash Listed since 3 Dec 2025

ZEC/USDT is online in the spot API with deposits and withdrawals enabled on 13 Oct 2026; the listing notice names no regional exclusions and no Bitget page found states which ZEC address types are accepted.

Zcash addresses: Shielded support unknown.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

XMR Monero Never listed

No XMR spot pair in the spot API on 13 Oct 2026, the coin registry entry has no deposit networks, and no spot listing or delisting notice was found; Bitget lists XMRUSDT perpetual futures only (launched 11 Nov 2025), which is out of scope.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

DCR Decred Never listed

No DCR spot pair in the spot API on 13 Oct 2026, the coins API rejects DCR as not in Bitget's coin registry, and no listing or delisting notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ZANO Zano Never listed

No ZANO spot pair in the spot API on 13 Oct 2026, the coins API rejects ZANO as not in Bitget's coin registry, and no listing or delisting notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ARRR Pirate Chain Never listed

No ARRR spot pair in the spot API on 13 Oct 2026, the coins API rejects ARRR as not in Bitget's coin registry, and no listing or delisting notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

XVG Verge Never listed

No XVG spot pair in the spot API on 13 Oct 2026, the coin registry entry has no deposit networks, and no spot listing or delisting notice was found; Bitget offers an XVGUSDT perpetual futures contract, which is out of scope.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

FIRO Firo Never listed

No FIRO spot pair in the spot API on 13 Oct 2026, the coins API rejects FIRO as not in Bitget's coin registry, and no listing or delisting notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

Sources for the exchange as a whole

KuCoin Global platform kucoin.com, not offered in its listed restricted locations (including the US, Singapore, France and the Netherlands); KuCoin EU (Austria), which the FMA said on 18 May 2026 may not yet commence business operations, and other regional entities are separate and not covered

kucoin.com

ZEC Zcash Listed since 3 Jul 2019

ZEC-USDT and ZEC-BTC trade today, and the public API's withdrawal address rule for ZEC accepts only transparent t-addresses (^(t)[A-Za-z0-9]{34}$), which excludes shielded, unified and TEX addresses; the deposit address type was not checked because it needs a logged-in account.

Zcash addresses: Transparent addresses only.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

XMR Monero Listed since 26 Mar 2019

XMR-BTC, XMR-ETH, XMR-USDT and XMR-USDC (added 18 Mar 2025) trade today with deposits and withdrawals enabled, and no KuCoin notice delisting or regionally withholding XMR on the global platform was found.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

DCR Decred Listed since 12 Sep 2018

Only DCR-USDT trades today (the original DCR/BTC and DCR/ETH pairs are no longer in the API), with deposits and withdrawals enabled.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

ZANO Zano Never listed

No ZANO trading pair exists and the public API returns "ZANO currency does not exist"; no listing or delisting announcement was found, so this rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ARRR Pirate Chain Delisted since 22 Sep 2023

KuCoin removed ARRR/USDT and ARRR/BTC at 07:00 UTC on 22 Sep 2023 under its Special Treatment rules and closed withdrawals on 28 Mar 2024; the currency still appears in the API with deposits and withdrawals disabled.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

XVG Verge Never listed

No XVG trading pair exists and the public API returns "XVG currency does not exist"; no listing or delisting announcement was found, so this rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

FIRO Firo Never listed

No FIRO trading pair exists and the public API reports that neither FIRO nor its former ticker XZC exists as a currency; a 2022 Firo forum thread shows the team weighing, and leaning against, a paid KuCoin listing, and no listing or delisting announcement was found, so this rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

Sources for the exchange as a whole

Gate Global platform at gate.com (formerly Gate.io, new domain launched 19 May 2025); regional licensed entities are not covered separately

gate.com

ZEC Zcash Listed

ZEC_USDT is tradable in the public spot API with deposits and withdrawals enabled on a single ZEC chain; the original listing date was not found, margin trading was delisted on 26 Dec 2024, the USDT perpetual returned on 7 Nov 2025, and no Gate support article states whether shielded addresses are accepted.

Zcash addresses: Shielded support unknown.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

XMR Monero Restricted

Removed from the public v4 API and site search; Gate has not published which customers can trade it

The v4 spot API returns INVALID_CURRENCY for XMR, but Gate's older data API shows a live XMR_USDT order book with trades on 13 Oct 2026 and the gate.com XMR/USDT page still loads, so the spot market is running but hidden; no spot delisting or restriction notice was found, and the XMR_USDT perpetual was listed again on 8 Nov 2025.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

DCR Decred Listed

DCR_USDT is tradable in the public spot API with deposits and withdrawals enabled; no listing announcement was found, and the API's buy start time of 9 Oct 2018 is not stated by Gate to be the listing date.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

ZANO Zano Never listed

ZANO is absent from the v4 spot pair and currency lists, the older data API rejects zano_usdt as an invalid request, the gate.com ZANO_USDT page falls back to BTC/USDT, and no listing or delisting notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ARRR Pirate Chain Listed

ARRR_USDT is tradable in the public spot API with deposits and withdrawals enabled; no listing announcement was found, so the listing date is not given.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

XVG Verge Restricted

Removed from the public v4 API and site search; Gate has not published which customers can trade it

The v4 spot API returns INVALID_CURRENCY for XVG, but Gate's older data API shows an XVG_USDT order book with trades as recent as 12 Oct 2026 and the gate.com XVG/USDT page still loads; the perpetual and margin markets were delisted on 26 Dec 2024 and no spot delisting notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

FIRO Firo Restricted

Removed from the public v4 API and site search; Gate has not published which customers can trade it

The v4 spot API returns INVALID_CURRENCY for FIRO, but Gate's older data API shows a FIRO_USDT order book with trades as recent as 7 Oct 2026, the gate.com FIRO/USDT page still loads, and a Firo forum post of 17 Sep 2025 says Gate had hidden FIRO from search without delisting it; margin trading was delisted on 26 Dec 2024.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

Sources for the exchange as a whole

HTX Global spot platform, formerly Huobi Global; platform-wide restricted jurisdictions in its user agreement apply to every coin and are not repeated per coin

htx.com

ZEC Zcash Listed since 21 Dec 2022

ZEC/USDT is online with trading enabled and its trade-open time in the API is 21 Dec 2022, after the September 2022 delisting; HTX's own ZEC deposit and withdrawal notes say deposits from a Z address are not credited and shielded withdrawals are not available, and no HTX notice of coin-specific regional limits was found.

Zcash addresses: Transparent addresses only.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

XMR Monero Listed since 30 Dec 2022

XMR/USDT is online with trading enabled and its trade-open time in the API is 30 Dec 2022, after the September 2022 delisting; the BTC, ETH and USDC pairs remain offline and no HTX notice of coin-specific regional limits was found.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

DCR Decred Listed since 22 Dec 2022

DCR/USDT is online with trading enabled and its trade-open time in the API is 22 Dec 2022, after the September 2022 delisting; the BTC and ETH pairs remain offline.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

ZANO Zano Never listed

No ZANO symbol appears in the API symbol list, which also keeps offline historical pairs, and no listing announcement was found, so never-listed rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ARRR Pirate Chain Never listed

No ARRR symbol appears in the API symbol list, which also keeps offline historical pairs, and no listing announcement was found, so never-listed rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

XVG Verge Listed since 22 Dec 2022

XVG/USDT is online with trading enabled and its trade-open time in the API is 22 Dec 2022, after the September 2022 delisting; the BTC and ETH pairs remain offline.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

FIRO Firo Delisted since 19 Sep 2025

HTX announced on 16 Sep 2025 that FIRO trading would cease at 07:00 UTC on 19 Sep 2025, citing low volume, and said withdrawals would stay open until 19 Sep 2027; FIRO/USDT is now offline with an ST tag, although the API on 13 Oct 2026 shows both deposits and withdrawals as prohibited.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

Sources for the exchange as a whole

MEXC Global offshore platform; its user agreement (last updated 29 May 2025) bars all services to residents of the US, UK, Canada, Singapore, Hong Kong, Malaysia, mainland China, Kazakhstan, the Russian-controlled regions of Ukraine, North Korea, Cuba, Iran, Sudan and other comprehensively sanctioned or FATF blacklisted territories, so those users cannot trade any coin here

mexc.com

ZEC Zcash Listed

Spot pairs ZECUSDT, ZECUSDC and ZECUSD1 are enabled in the public API; the original listing date was not found, no MEXC article states which Zcash address types are accepted, and a BEP-20 ZEC deposit network was added on 11 Nov 2025.

Zcash addresses: Shielded support unknown.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

XMR Monero Listed

Spot pairs XMRUSDT and XMRUSDC are enabled in the public API; no coin-specific regional restriction or delisting notice was found and the original listing date was not found.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

DCR Decred Listed

Spot pair DCRUSDT is enabled in the public API; the original listing date was not found.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

ZANO Zano Listed since 29 Dec 2023

Spot pair ZANOUSDT is enabled in the public API; MEXC listed ZANO through a Kickstarter vote with estimated trading from 29 Dec 2023 09:00 UTC.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

ARRR Pirate Chain Listed since 9 Jan 2024

Spot pair ARRRUSDT is enabled in the public API; MEXC opened ARRR/USDT trading in its Innovation Zone on 9 Jan 2024 12:00 UTC after a Kickstarter vote.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

XVG Verge Listed

Spot pairs XVGUSDT and XVGUSDC are enabled in the public API; the original listing date was not found.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

FIRO Firo Listed

Spot pair FIROUSDT is enabled in the public API; the original listing date was not found.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

Sources for the exchange as a whole

Gemini US-headquartered platform; it ceased operations in the UK, EEA and Australia on 6 Apr 2026, leaving existing accounts there withdrawal-only

gemini.com

ZEC Zcash Restricted since 22 May 2018

Not offered for trading to customers in Singapore, where ZEC deposits and withdrawals are also disabled; Gemini's UK-facing notice and legal disclosures also bar ZEC trading for customers in Europe (and the UK, per the UK notice), where Gemini ceased operations on 6 Apr 2026

Spot pairs ZEC/USD, ZEC/GUSD, ZEC/RLUSD and ZEC/USDC are open; Gemini issues transparent t-address deposit addresses but has accepted deposits sent from shielded addresses since 2018, and withdrawals go to shielded z-addresses and unified addresses (routed to Orchard since November 2025, with Ironwood supported from launch in summer 2026, exact date not published); the start dates of the regional restrictions are not published.

Zcash addresses: Shielded addresses supported.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

XMR Monero Never listed

No XMR market in Gemini's public symbols list and no XMR entry in its supported-cryptos, supported-networks or digital asset disclosures pages; no listing or delisting announcement was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

DCR Decred Never listed

No DCR market in Gemini's public symbols list and no DCR entry in its supported-cryptos, supported-networks or digital asset disclosures pages; no listing or delisting announcement was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ZANO Zano Never listed

No ZANO market in Gemini's public symbols list and no ZANO entry in its supported-cryptos, supported-networks or digital asset disclosures pages; no listing or delisting announcement was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ARRR Pirate Chain Never listed

No ARRR market in Gemini's public symbols list and no ARRR entry in its supported-cryptos, supported-networks or digital asset disclosures pages; no listing or delisting announcement was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

XVG Verge Never listed

No XVG market in Gemini's public symbols list and no XVG entry in its supported-cryptos, supported-networks or digital asset disclosures pages; no listing or delisting announcement was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

FIRO Firo Never listed

No FIRO market in Gemini's public symbols list and no FIRO entry in its supported-cryptos, supported-networks or digital asset disclosures pages; no listing or delisting announcement was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

Sources for the exchange as a whole

Bitfinex Global spot platform; not open to US persons under its terms of service; Bitfinex Securities is separate and not covered

bitfinex.com

ZEC Zcash Listed since 28 Oct 2016

ZECUSD, ZECBTC and ZECUST trade today and the Bitfinex ZEC article names no regional restriction beyond the platform-wide exclusion of US persons; Bitfinex publishes nothing on ZEC address types, and a community directory, ZecHub, lists it as transparent-only, which could not be checked against a Bitfinex source.

Zcash addresses: Shielded support unknown.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

XMR Monero Listed since 30 Nov 2016

XMRUSD, XMRBTC and XMRUST trade today; Bitfinex's verification page says certain tokens may be restricted in specific jurisdictions, but its XMR articles name no such restriction, so the only one found is the platform-wide exclusion of US persons (third-party blog claims of regional XMR limits were not supported by any Bitfinex notice).

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

DCR Decred Delisted since 14 Mar 2022

Bitfinex's help centre says DCR was delisted with trading ceasing on 14/03/22 at 11:00 UTC, matching the last tDCRUSD daily candle; the linked announcement (bitfinex.com/posts/771) could not be opened, so its publication date is unknown.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

ZANO Zano Never listed

Not in today's pair list, no candle history for a ZANO pair and no Bitfinex help centre article, so never-listed rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ARRR Pirate Chain Never listed

Not in today's pair list, no candle history for an ARRR pair and no Bitfinex help centre article, so never-listed rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

XVG Verge Delisted since 5 Dec 2024

Bitfinex's help centre says XVG was delisted with trading ceasing on 05/12/2024 at 13:30 UTC, read as 5 December 2024 because the last tXVGUSD daily candle is 5 Dec 2024 and Bitfinex writes dates day first (the DCR article gives 14/03/22); the linked announcement (bitfinex.com/posts/1087) could not be opened.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

FIRO Firo Never listed

Not in today's pair list, no candle history under FIRO or its former ticker XZC and no Bitfinex help centre article, so never-listed rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

Sources for the exchange as a whole

Crypto.com Crypto.com Exchange (Advanced Trading Platform) spot markets; Crypto.com App availability was checked via the app_tradable flag on crypto.com price pages and matches; the self-custody Onchain wallet is not covered

crypto.com

ZEC Zcash Never listed

No ZEC instrument is on the Exchange API on 13 Oct 2026 and the crypto.com price page data marks ZEC as not tradable on the App or the Exchange (tradable only via the out-of-scope Onchain wallet); no listing or delisting notice was found, so never-listed rests on absence of evidence and shielded support is recorded as unknown.

Zcash addresses: Shielded support unknown.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

XMR Monero Never listed

No XMR instrument is on the Exchange API on 13 Oct 2026 and the price page data marks XMR as not tradable on the App, the Exchange or Onchain; no listing or delisting notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

DCR Decred Never listed

No DCR instrument is on the Exchange API on 13 Oct 2026 and the price page data marks DCR as not tradable on the App, the Exchange or Onchain; no listing or delisting notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ZANO Zano Never listed

No ZANO instrument is on the Exchange API on 13 Oct 2026 and the price page data marks ZANO as not tradable on the App, the Exchange or Onchain; no listing notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ARRR Pirate Chain Never listed

No ARRR instrument is on the Exchange API on 13 Oct 2026 and the price page data marks ARRR as not tradable on the App, the Exchange or Onchain; the 14 Jul 2026 Exchange delisting of PIRATE concerns Pirate Nation, not Pirate Chain, and no ARRR listing notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

XVG Verge Never listed

No XVG instrument is on the Exchange API on 13 Oct 2026 and the price page data marks XVG as not tradable on the App, the Exchange or Onchain; no listing or delisting notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

FIRO Firo Never listed

No FIRO instrument is on the Exchange API on 13 Oct 2026 and the price page data marks FIRO as not tradable on the App, the Exchange or Onchain; no listing or delisting notice was found.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

Sources for the exchange as a whole

Upbit South Korean platform operated by Dunamu with KRW, BTC and USDT spot markets; Upbit's regional platforms in other countries are separate and not covered

upbit.com

ZEC Zcash Delisted since 30 Sep 2019

Upbit announced on 20 Sep 2019 that ZEC/KRW, ZEC/BTC, ZEC/ETH and ZEC/USDT trading would end on 30 Sep 2019 11:00 KST citing money-laundering risk, and said that while ZEC was listed it had only ever supported transparent deposits and withdrawals for coins with optional privacy; a notice of 18 Sep 2026 describes ZEC as a delisted asset supported for withdrawal only, and ZEC is absent from the market list fetched on 13 Oct 2026.

Zcash addresses: Transparent addresses only.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

XMR Monero Delisted since 30 Sep 2019

Upbit announced on 20 Sep 2019 that XMR/KRW, XMR/BTC, XMR/ETH and XMR/USDT trading would end on 30 Sep 2019 11:00 KST, with withdrawals supported until 19 Oct 2019; XMR is absent from the market list fetched on 13 Oct 2026 and an Upbit notice search on that date returned no later XMR notice.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

DCR Decred Delisted since 30 Dec 2020

Upbit announced on 28 Dec 2020 that DCR/KRW, DCR/BTC and DCR/USDT trading would end on 30 Dec 2020 14:00 KST after the Decred team said it had no plan to change its privacy function; DCR is absent from the market list fetched on 13 Oct 2026.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

ZANO Zano Never listed

ZANO is absent from the market list fetched on 13 Oct 2026 and a search of Upbit's whole notice archive for ZANO and Zano on that date returned no results, so never-listed rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

ARRR Pirate Chain Never listed

ARRR is absent from the market list fetched on 13 Oct 2026 and a search of Upbit's whole notice archive on that date found no notice for ARRR or Pirate Chain (the only Pirate results concern an unrelated NFT collection), so never-listed rests on absence of evidence.

Not verified: rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

XVG Verge Delisted since 15 May 2020

Upbit announced on 8 May 2020 that XVG trading (XVG/BTC, and XVG/USDT in the Korean text) would end on 15 May 2020 11:00 KST because the project advocates anonymous transactions; a notice of 10 Feb 2025 describes XVG as a delisted asset supported for withdrawal only, and XVG is absent from the market list fetched on 13 Oct 2026.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

FIRO Firo Delisted since 15 May 2020

Firo traded on Upbit as Zcoin (XZC/BTC) until 15 May 2020 11:00 KST under an announcement of 8 May 2020 citing the project's anonymous-transaction aims, a notice of 19 Feb 2025 still lists XZC as a delisted asset supported for withdrawal only, and neither XZC nor FIRO is in the market list fetched on 13 Oct 2026.

Confirmed: a primary source states it.

Sources for the exchange as a whole

Changes on exchanges

Listings, delistings and restrictions on these exchanges, newest first. A note says when a change concerned derivatives or margin trading rather than spot markets.

  1. Kraken Listed DCR

    The public API's trade history for the DCR/USD pair begins on 22 May 2026; no Kraken listing announcement was found, so it is not known whether other coins were listed alongside it.

    Source: Kraken public API: Trades (DCRUSD, from the start) Kraken

  2. Gemini Restricted ZEC

    Gemini ceased operations in the UK, EEA and Australia for all assets, not only ZEC, after placing accounts there in withdrawal-only mode from 5 Mar 2026.

    Source: Gemini closing accounts in the UK, EU, and Australia - Everything you need to know Gemini

  3. OKX Listed ZEC

    ZEC/USD and ZEC/EUR spot pairs were added for EEA customers on 26 Feb 2026 as part of a 60-token notice that also covered DASH; the notice gives 09:00 UTC while the API listTime for ZEC-EUR and ZEC-USDC is 06:00 UTC.

    Sources: OKX to support 60 tokens on unified USD and EUR spot trading pairs in EEA OKX; OKX public instruments API, spot (instType=SPOT) OKX

  4. OKX Listed ZEC

    OKX Europe added ZEC to Buy/Sell and Convert for EEA customers at 07:00 UTC on 7 Jan 2026, in the same notice as DASH.

    Source: OKX to list ZEC and DASH on BSC in EEA OKX

  5. Bitget Listed ZEC

    Bitget opened ZEC/USDT spot trading at 11:00 UTC with deposits already open and withdrawals from 4 Dec 2025 12:00 UTC; ZEC was the only coin in the announcement.

    Sources: Bitget to list Zcash (ZEC) Bitget; Bitget Lists Zcash (ZEC) for Spot Trading (GlobeNewswire release) Bitget Limited via FinancialContent

  6. OKX Relisted ZEC

    ZEC/USDT spot trading opened at 12:00 UTC on 24 Nov 2025 after a pre-open from 11:00 UTC (deposits from 23 Nov 2025, withdrawals from 14:00 UTC on 24 Nov 2025) and ZEC/USDS followed at 15:00 UTC, though no ZEC-USDS pair appears in the API today; DASH was relisted separately on 26 Nov 2025.

    Sources: OKX to list Zcash (ZEC) for spot trading OKX; OKX will launch ZEC/USDS for spot trading OKX; OKX public instruments API, spot (instType=SPOT) OKX

  7. Gate Relisted XMR

    Gate listed the XMRUSDT perpetual contract again on its exchange and on Gate Perp DEX with leverage of up to 50x; the announcement did not mention spot XMR and no other coins were included.

    Source: Gate and Gate Perp DEX Simultaneously List XMR Perpetual Contract (USDT-M) Gate

  8. Gate Relisted ZEC

    Gate listed the ZECUSDT perpetual contract again on its exchange and on Gate Perp DEX, with DASH in the same announcement; spot ZEC was not affected.

    Source: Gate and Gate Perp DEX Simultaneously List ZEC and DASH Perpetual Contract (USDT-M) Gate

  9. Gemini Shielded support ZEC

    Gemini added Orchard support, with ZEC withdrawals to unified addresses routed to the Orchard pool when available.

    Source: Privacy gets an upgrade: Gemini adds Zcash Orchard support Gemini

  10. OKX Relisted ZEC

    ZEC/USDT perpetual futures returned at 03:15 UTC on 6 Nov 2025, in the same notice as DASH/USDT perpetual futures; this is a derivatives listing, not spot.

    Source: OKX to list perpetual futures for DASH, ZEC crypto OKX

  11. HTX Delisted FIRO

    HTX announced on 16 Sep 2025 that FIRO trading would cease at 07:00 UTC on 19 Sep 2025 for insufficient trading volume, alongside AZERO, ELIZA, ERG, ERTHA, HGG, KMD, LUCE and WLKN.

    Source: HTX to Delist AZERO, ELIZA, ERG, ERTHA, FIRO, HGG, KMD, LUCE and WLKN HTX

  12. Kraken Restricted XMR

    Kraken paused XMR deposits for Canadian clients on 21 August 2025 and disabled XMR trading for them on 2 September 2025, citing Canadian compliance requirements, with withdrawals left open; no other coins were in the notice.

    Source: Notice of delisting for Monero (XMR) in Canada Kraken

Earlier changes (52)

  1. Gemini Shielded support ZEC

    Gemini added ZEC withdrawals to Zcash unified addresses, while deposits continue to go to transparent Gemini addresses.

    Source: Privacy made simple: Gemini adds Zcash unified addresses Gemini

  2. Binance Relisted ZEC

    Binance removed the Monitoring Tag from ZEC, ending the 4 Jan 2024 restriction (ZEC was never delisted), with Seed Tag removals for ENA, PYTH, TAO and W in the same announcement.

    Source: Binance Will Remove the Monitoring Tag for ZEC and the Seed Tag for ENA, PYTH, TAO & W on 2025-07-09 Binance

  3. Binance Restricted ZEC, DCR

    Binance began moving Dubai users to its locally regulated Binance Dubai (FZE) exchange, which does not support privacy tokens under VARA listing requirements, so spot trading in ZEC and DCR stopped for those users, with DASH and XMRUSDT perpetual contracts in the same 9 Apr 2025 announcement and privacy token withdrawals allowed until 8 Jun 2025.

    Source: Binance FZE Will Not Support Certain Assets on the Dubai Local Exchange Binance

  4. Binance Delisted FIRO

    Binance ceased spot trading in FIRO at 03:00 UTC with 13 other tokens from its first Vote to Delist batch, announced on 8 Apr 2025, in which ZEC was also a candidate but was not selected.

    Source: Binance Announced the First Batch of Vote to Delist Results and Will Delist FIRO and 13 other tokens on 2025-04-16 (title shortened) Binance

  5. Bybit Delisted ZEC

    ZEC/USDT spot trading and Convert ended after 08:00 UTC, announced 24 Feb 2025 together with DASH; withdrawals stayed open until 28 May 2025, and the ZECUSDT perpetual contract was not part of the notice.

    Source: Delisting of ZEC and DASH Bybit

  6. Gate Delisted XMR, ZEC, XVG

    Gate delisted the USDT perpetual contracts at 08:00 UTC after a reduce-only day on 25 Dec 2024, with DASH and ZEN in the same announcement of 20 Dec 2024; spot markets were not covered, and the ZEC and XMR perpetuals were listed again in November 2025.

    Source: Gate will Delist XMR,DASH,ZEC,ZEN,XVG Perpetuals (26 Dec 08:00 UTC) Gate

  7. Gate Delisted XMR, ZEC, XVG, FIRO

    Gate delisted margin trading and suspended quantitative strategies at 08:00 UTC citing regulatory requirements and market changes, with DASH, ZEN, PIVX, SBTC and several leveraged tokens in the same announcement of 22 Dec 2024; spot markets were not covered.

    Sources: Gate to Delist Margin Trading Markets and Quantitative Strategies for XMR, DASH, ZEC, PIVX, ZEN, SBTC, FIRO, XVG, XMR3L, XMR3S, ZEC3S, ZEC3L, DASH3L, DASH3S, ZEN3S, ZEN3L Gate; Gate API v4: margin currency pairs Gate

  8. Gate Delisted XMR

    Gate stopped trading the XMR3L and XMR3S leveraged tokens at 10:00 UTC and redeemed holdings in USDT; the notice did not cover the XMR spot market.

    Source: Gate will Delist Leveraged Tokens XMR3L and XMR3S Gate

  9. Bitfinex Delisted XVG

    Trading in XVG ceased at 13:30 UTC in a large batch: Bitfinex help centre articles give the same halt date for many other tokens, including QTUM, VET, SNX and TAIKO, while ZEC, XMR and DASH stayed listed.

    Sources: Verge (XVG): Delisted Bitfinex; Bitfinex public API: daily candles for tXVGUSD Bitfinex

  10. Bybit Delisted DCR

    DCR/USDT spot trading and Convert ended after 08:00 UTC, announced 15 Nov 2024 together with OMNICAT, SRM, CO and STRM; withdrawals stayed open until 21 Feb 2025.

    Source: Delisting of OMNICAT, DCR, SRM, CO and STRM Bybit

  11. Kraken Restricted XMR

    Kraken halted trading and deposits on all XMR markets for EEA clients at 15:00 UTC on 31 October 2024, with withdrawals open until 31 December 2024 and remaining balances converted to BTC by 6 January 2025; no other coins were in the notice.

    Source: Support for Monero (XMR) in Europe Kraken

  12. Kraken Restricted XMR

    XMR trading and deposits stopped for clients in Ireland and Belgium on 10 May 2024, with withdrawals closing and remaining balances converted to BTC on 10 June 2024; no other coins were in the notice.

    Source: Notice of asset delisting in Ireland and Belgium for Monero (XMR) Kraken

  13. Binance Delisted XMR

    Binance ceased trading on all XMR pairs at 03:00 UTC, announced on 6 Feb 2024 together with ANT, MULTI and VAI, with withdrawals supported until 20 May 2024.

    Source: Binance Will Delist ANT, MULTI, VAI, XMR on 2024-02-20 Binance

  14. MEXC Listed ARRR

    MEXC opened ARRR/USDT trading in its Innovation Zone at 12:00 UTC after a Kickstarter vote, with withdrawals from 10 Jan 2024; no other coins were in the announcement.

    Source: Voting Result and Listing Arrangement for Kickstarter -Pirate Chain (ARRR) MEXC

  15. OKX Delisted ZEC, XMR

    Spot pairs for XMR and ZEC were delisted on 5 Jan 2024 under a 29 Dec 2023 notice that also covered DASH and ZEN, with deposits suspended from 27 Dec 2023 and withdrawals suspended from 5 Mar 2024; OKX said the pairs did not meet its listing criteria.

    Source: OKX to delist several spot trading pairs OKX

  16. Binance Restricted ZEC, XMR, FIRO

    Binance added the Monitoring Tag, which requires users to pass a risk quiz every 90 days to trade, to ZEC, XMR and FIRO, with ANT, KP3R, MDX, MOB, REEF, VAI and ZEN in the same announcement.

    Source: Binance Will Extend the Monitoring Tag to Include ANT, FIRO, KP3R, MDX, MOB, REEF, VAI, XMR, ZEC & ZEN, and Remove the Seed Tag for GMX & SUSHI on 2024-01-04 Binance

  17. MEXC Listed ZANO

    MEXC listed ZANO after a Kickstarter vote, with estimated spot trading from 09:00 UTC and withdrawals from 30 Dec 2023; no other coins were in the announcement.

    Source: MEXC Kickstarter - Vote Zano (ZANO) to Win Free 50,000 USDT Airdrops! MEXC

  18. OKX Delisted ZEC, XMR

    XMR and ZEC perpetual swaps were delisted on 19 Dec 2023 and their margin pairs between 19 Dec 2023 and 21 Dec 2023, in the same notice as DASH and ZEN; this is a derivatives and margin delisting, not spot.

    Source: OKX to delist several margin trading pairs and perpetual contracts OKX

  19. KuCoin Delisted ARRR

    Announced on 21 Sep 2023 under KuCoin's Special Treatment rules together with ETN, SWINGBY, GENS, ACOIN and BUX (no DASH), pairs removed at 07:00 UTC with withdrawals closing on 28 Mar 2024.

    Source: ST: KuCoin Will Delist Certain Projects KuCoin

  20. Binance Restricted XMR, FIRO

    Users in Belgium, moved to the Binance Poland entity, could no longer buy or trade XMR and FIRO, with MOB and ZEN in the same notice.

    Source: Binance moves to delist privacy coins in Belgium The Block

  21. Binance Restricted XMR, FIRO

    Users in France, Italy, Poland and Spain could no longer buy or trade XMR and FIRO (with BEAM, MOB and ZEN); ZEC, DCR and XVG were in the original May 2023 notice but Binance spared them, together with DASH, PIVX, NAV and SCRT, before it took effect.

    Sources: Binance to block privacy coins in four European countries The Block; Binance reverses decision on privacy coin trading in EU The Block

  22. HTX Relisted XMR

    The API gives 30 Dec 2022 03:00 UTC as the trade-open time of XMR/USDT; no relisting announcement was found.

    Source: HTX spot API: all supported trading symbols (v2) HTX

  23. HTX Relisted DCR, XVG, FIRO

    The API gives 22 Dec 2022 as the trade-open time of DCR/USDT, XVG/USDT and FIRO/USDT; no relisting announcement was found, and ZEN/USDT also opened that day.

    Source: HTX spot API: all supported trading symbols (v2) HTX

  24. HTX Relisted ZEC

    The API gives 21 Dec 2022 08:00 UTC as the trade-open time of ZEC/USDT; no relisting announcement was found, and DASH/USDT has a trade-open time on the same day.

    Source: HTX spot API: all supported trading symbols (v2) HTX

  25. HTX Delisted ZEC, XMR, DCR, XVG, FIRO

    Huobi Global announced on 12 Sep 2022 that it had ended trading in these privacy tokens on 6 Sep 2022 and would delist them from 08:00 UTC on 19 Sep 2022, with deposits closed from 12 Sep 2022; DASH and ZEN were in the same announcement.

    Source: Huobi Global to Delist DASH, DCR, FIRO, XMR, XVG, ZEC, and ZEN (Internet Archive copy of 2022-09-13) Huobi Global

  26. Bitfinex Delisted DCR

    Trading in DCR ceased at 11:00 UTC; Bitfinex help centre articles give the same halt date for QASH and ORS, and DASH was not affected.

    Sources: Decred (DCR): Delisted Bitfinex; Bitfinex public API: daily candles for tDCRUSD Bitfinex

  27. Kraken Restricted XMR

    Per a Kraken client letter posted online and reported by ForkLog (not confirmed on a Kraken page), UK clients could no longer deposit XMR or add to XMR margin positions from 23 November 2021, with margin positions closed and open XMR orders cancelled on 26 November 2021; withdrawals stayed open and no other coins were named.

    Sources: Media: Kraken to halt Monero trading in the United Kingdom ForkLog; Kraken to end Monero support in European Economic Area Cointelegraph

  28. Bitfinex Listed DCR

    Date of the first tDCRUSD daily candle in Bitfinex's public API; no listing announcement was found, and the DCR help centre article was created on 3 Aug 2021.

    Sources: Bitfinex public API: daily candles for tDCRUSD Bitfinex; Decred (DCR): Delisted Bitfinex

  29. KuCoin Listed ARRR

    KuCoin announced ARRR on 21 Jun 2021 with ARRR/USDT and ARRR/BTC pairs, trading from 09:00 UTC on 22 Jun 2021.

    Source: Pirate Chain (ARRR) Gets Listed on KuCoin! KuCoin

  30. Upbit Delisted DCR

    Trading in DCR/KRW, DCR/BTC and DCR/USDT ended at 14:00 KST under a notice of 28 Dec 2020, with withdrawals until 27 Jan 2021; no other coin was in the notice.

    Source: [Market] Termination of trading support for Decred(DCR) (notice 1706) Upbit

  31. Upbit Restricted DCR

    Upbit designated DCR as an investment-warning asset after a privacy feature update and stopped deposits; no other coin was in the notice.

    Source: 디지털 자산 유의종목 지정 안내 디크레드(DCR) (Investment warning designation: Decred, notice 1679) Upbit

  32. Gemini Shielded support ZEC

    Gemini began supporting ZEC withdrawals to shielded z-addresses, describing it as the first time shielded ZEC withdrawals were available on a regulated exchange.

    Source: You're one step closer to financial freedom with shielded ZEC withdrawals Gemini

  33. Upbit Delisted XVG, FIRO

    Trading in XVG and Zcoin (XZC, now Firo) ended at 11:00 KST under a notice of 8 May 2020, with withdrawals until 6 Jun 2020; NAV, EXCL and ZEN were delisted in the same notice while GRS, IOTX and KMD were cleared.

    Source: [Market] Termination of trading support (5 projects) - GRS, IOTX, KMD de-flagging from Investment warning (notice 1266) Upbit

  34. Upbit Restricted XVG, FIRO

    Upbit designated XVG and Zcoin (XZC, now Firo) as investment-warning assets over privacy features and stopped deposits; GRS, KMD, NAV, EXCL, ZEN and IOTX were in the same notice.

    Source: 디지털 자산 유의 종목 지정 안내 (8종) (Investment warning designation of 8 digital assets, notice 1254) Upbit

  35. Upbit Delisted ZEC, XMR

    Trading in ZEC and XMR on the KRW, BTC, ETH and USDT markets ended at 11:00 KST under a notice of 20 Sep 2019, with withdrawals until 19 Oct 2019; DASH, XHV, TUBE and PIVX were delisted in the same notice.

    Source: [Market] Notice of Ending Support for Transactions (Ends September 30, 19) Monero(XMR), Dash(DASH), ZCASH(ZEC), Haven(XHV), BitTube(TUBE), PIVX(PIVX) (notice 995) Upbit

  36. Upbit Restricted ZEC, XMR

    Upbit designated ZEC and XMR as investment-warning assets and stopped deposits, citing FATF standards on virtual asset transfers; DASH, XHV, TUBE and PIVX were in the same notice.

    Source: [Market] Designation notice of Monero(XMR), Dash(DASH), ZCASH(ZEC), Haven(XHV), BitTube(TUBE), PIVX(PIVX) as Investment Warning Crypto-asset (notice 984) Upbit

  37. Coinbase Restricted ZEC

    Coinbase told UK customers by email that from this date they could no longer hold a ZEC balance and that unconverted balances would be sold for GBP; no reason was given and no other coins were named as removed.

    Source: Coinbase drops Zcash for UK users, despite apparent regulatory approval Decrypt

  38. KuCoin Listed ZEC

    KuCoin listed ZEC with ZEC/BTC and ZEC/USDT pairs, trading from 18:00 UTC+8 and withdrawals from 5 Jul 2019.

    Source: Zcash (ZEC) Gets Listed on KuCoin! KuCoin

  39. KuCoin Listed XMR

    KuCoin listed XMR with XMR/BTC and XMR/ETH pairs, trading from 18:00 UTC+8 and withdrawals from 28 Mar 2019.

    Source: Monero (XMR) Gets Listed on KuCoin! KuCoin

  40. Coinbase Listed ZEC

    ZEC was added to Coinbase.com and the mobile apps, at first not offered to residents of the United Kingdom or New York state, with sends off Coinbase limited to transparent addresses.

    Source: Buy and Sell ZEC on Coinbase Coinbase

  41. Coinbase Listed ZEC

    Coinbase Pro opened ZEC deposits at 10am PT with ZEC/USDC trading to follow, for users in the US (excluding New York), UK, EU, Canada, Singapore and Australia, accepting deposits from transparent and shielded addresses but withdrawals to transparent addresses only.

    Source: ZEC is now available to trade on Coinbase Pro (Updated) Coinbase

  42. Binance Listed DCR

    Binance opened DCR/BTC and DCR/BNB trading, according to a secondary report of the listing notice.

    Source: Binance Lists Decred (DCR) CoinCodex

  43. KuCoin Listed DCR

    KuCoin listed DCR with DCR/BTC and DCR/ETH pairs, buy orders opening at 17:30 UTC+8 and withdrawals on 14 Sep 2018.

    Source: Decred (DCR) Gets Listed on KuCoin! KuCoin

  44. Gemini Listed ZEC

    Gemini announced on 14 May 2018 that, with New York State Department of Financial Services approval, it would be the first licensed Zcash exchange, opening ZEC deposits on 19 May 2018 and trading on 22 May 2018; no other coins were in the announcement.

    Source: Gemini is now the world's first licensed Zcash exchange Gemini

  45. Gemini Shielded support ZEC

    ZEC deposits opened accepting funds sent from both transparent t-addresses and shielded z-addresses, while withdrawals were limited to transparent addresses at launch.

    Source: Gemini is now the world's first licensed Zcash exchange Gemini

  46. Upbit Listed DCR

    Upbit opened a DCR/KRW market on 4 May 2018, quoting a reference price from its own BTC market so DCR/BTC trading began earlier on an unknown date, and added DCR to its USDT market on 30 May 2018.

    Sources: 원화 마켓 코인 추가 (디크레드 DCR) (KRW market coin added: Decred, notice 362) Upbit; BTC, ETH, USDT 마켓 코인 추가 (오디세이 OCN, 디크레드 DCR) (notice 386) Upbit

  47. Bitfinex Listed XVG

    Verge launched against BTC, ETH, USD, GBP, EUR and JPY, with trading set to start at 11:30 UTC; the XVGBTC pair's last daily candle is 22 Oct 2020, so some pairs ended before the full delisting.

    Sources: Bitfinex Launches Verge (XVG) Trading Bitfinex; Bitfinex public API: daily candles for tXVGBTC Bitfinex

  48. Upbit Listed ZEC, XMR

    Upbit opened ZEC/KRW and XMR/KRW markets in a batch of six new KRW markets that also included DASH, XRP, LTC and QTUM; any earlier BTC-market listing date was not found.

    Source: 리플, 라이트코인 등 6개 원화 마켓 오픈 (Six KRW markets including Ripple and Litecoin opened, notice 56) Upbit

  49. Kraken Listed XMR

    Kraken launched XMR trading against XBT, EUR and USD; no other coins were in the announcement.

    Source: Kraken launches Monero trading Kraken

  50. Bitfinex Listed XMR

    Monero deposits and withdrawals opened at 18:30 UTC with XMRUSD and XMRBTC spot pairs.

    Source: New currency Monero to be enabled on Wednesday, November 30th Bitfinex

  51. Kraken Listed ZEC

    Kraken announced ZEC funding and trading (initially against XBT) for the Zcash network launch day, 28 October 2016, and the public API's earliest ZEC/EUR trade is on that date; no other coins were in the announcement.

    Sources: Zcash (ZEC) coming soon to Kraken Kraken; Kraken public API: Trades (ZECEUR, from the start) Kraken

  52. Bitfinex Listed ZEC

    Bitfinex added Zcash for spot trading only on 28 October 2016, and by 20 December 2016 both ZEC pairs were open for margin trading and margin funding for non-US users.

    Source: Zcash Now Available for Margin Trading Bitfinex

How this page was checked

Levels

Each jurisdiction takes the strongest level that applies.

Crypto trading barred
A general bar on trading or using any cryptocurrency is in force, so privacy coins are caught with everything else.
Exchanges barred from listing
A law or regulator rule bars licensed exchanges from listing privacy coins, and it is in force now.
Exchange bar scheduled
Such a bar has been enacted but applies from a future date.
Delisted under pressure
No rule bars privacy coins, but regulator pressure or guidance led the main local exchanges to delist them.
Mixers targeted
Privacy coins can be traded, but mixers or privacy protocols have been sanctioned, prosecuted or barred.
No restriction found
Reviewed, and no restriction aimed at privacy coins or mixers was found. Each entry says what was checked.

Confidence

Confirmed
A primary source states it.
Reported
Secondary sources only.
Not verified
Rests on inference or on the absence of evidence.

Sources

Every entry was checked on 13 Oct 2026. Primary sources come first: exchanges' own market data and notices, laws and official gazettes, regulators and courts. Press reports are used only where no primary source could be reached. Each entry links to the documents it rests on, and the Sources page lists every publisher.

The EU's rules apply in all 27 member states. Members without their own entry follow the European Union entry; their national rules were not reviewed separately.

Daily check

The exchange table is researched by hand. Separately, each exchange's own public market data is checked once a day for the seven coins, which gives the Exchange access chart. When that data and the table disagree, the difference is logged on the Changes page for review, and the table changes only after the review.

Map

Country shapes from Natural Earth (1:110m, public domain), via world-atlas 2.0.2 (ISC licence), in the Equal Earth projection. Jurisdictions too small to draw are shown as dots. Borders follow Natural Earth and imply no view on any territorial dispute.

Information only, not legal advice. Rules change often: check the linked source before relying on an entry.