Supply and issuance
How many coins of the seven privacy coins exist, the rule that issues new ones, how fast each supply grows today and when issuance next falls, with the share of Zcash's supply held in shielded pools.
- 7 coins
- 4 with a maximum
- 13 days to the next reduction (Decred)
Issuance now
How fast each coin's supply grows under its rule today: the coins its blocks issue in a year at the target block time, as a share of the supply in circulation.
The block reward at the latest height read times the blocks in a year at the target block time, divided by the supply in circulation; new coins only, before fees burned. Rules from each project's code and documentation, checked on 13 Nov 2026; supply from Coin Metrics, zeczcash.com and ZecStats.
| Coin | Supply in circulation | Maximum | Issued a year | Annual issuance | New coins a day, in US dollars | Next reduction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MoneroXMR | 18,334,076 XMRCoin Metrics, 14 Nov 2026 | No maximum | 157,788 XMR0.6 XMR a block | 0.86%0.87% measured over 12 months | $201K432 XMR a day | None scheduled |
| ZcashZEC | 17,042,409 ZECzeczcash.com, 15 Nov 2026 | 21,000,000 ZEC81.15% issued | 657,450 ZEC0.52083333 ZEC a block | 3.86%3.98% measured over 12 months | $1.6M1,800 ZEC a day | block 6,132,390, in 740 days; 0.52083333 ZEC to 0.26041666 ZEC a block |
| DecredDCR | 17,914,774 DCRCoin Metrics, 13 Nov 2026 | 21,000,000 DCR85.31% issued | 525,952 DCR4.99992725 DCR a block | 2.94%3.58% measured over 12 months | $15K1,440 DCR a day | block 1,136,640, in 13 days; 4.99992725 DCR to 4.95042301 DCR a block |
| FiroFIRO | 19,255,576 FIROCoin Metrics, 14 Nov 2026 | No maximum after the tail emission begins | 1,314,900 FIRO6.25 FIRO a block | 6.83%7.42% measured over 12 months | $2K3,600 FIRO a day | block 1,798,655, in 670 days; 6.25 FIRO to 1 FIRO a block |
| ZanoZANO | 15,498,602 ZANOCoin Metrics, 14 Nov 2026 | No maximum | 525,960 ZANO1 ZANO a block | 3.39%3.16% measured over 12 months | $6K1,440 ZANO a day | None scheduled |
| Pirate ChainARRR | 198,995,468 ARRRby the rule at block 4,213,035, 15 Nov 2026 | About 199.1 million by the rule99.94% issued | 131,490 ARRR0.25 ARRR a block | 0.066% | No price stored | block 4,277,735, in 44 days; 0.25 ARRR to 0.125 ARRR a block |
| VergeXVG | 16,521,951,235 XVGCoin Metrics, 14 Nov 2026 | 16,521,951,238 XVG100.00% issued | 0 XVG0 XVG a block | 0.00%0.00% measured over 12 months | None | Issuance has ended |
Supply against the schedule
The supply in circulation of one coin by week, the supply its rule schedules from the latest block height to the end of 2032, and its maximum where it has one. Choose a coin.
The chart is drawn by a script; each coin's supply, schedule and maximum are in the ledger above.
The scheduled supply is a projection: the rule applied block by block from the latest height read, at the target block time, which real blocks miss in both directions. Supply in circulation from Coin Metrics (market cap divided by price), zeczcash.com and ZecStats for Zcash, and the rule for Pirate Chain. Firo's series starts on 28 Feb 2025, after Coin Metrics raised its estimate by about 2.3 million FIRO from 25 to 28 February 2025.
Next reductions
- Decred: block 1,136,640, 3,966 blocks after the latest one read, about (in 13 days). The reward falls from 4.99992725 DCR to 4.95042301 DCR a block, which would take the rate of issuance from 2.94% to about 2.91% a year at today's supply.
- Pirate Chain: block 4,277,735, 64,528 blocks after the latest one read, about (in 44 days). The reward falls from 0.25 ARRR to 0.125 ARRR a block, which would take the rate of issuance from 0.066% to about 0.033% a year at today's supply.
- Firo: block 1,798,655, 386,192 blocks after the latest one read, about (in 670 days). The reward falls from 6.25 FIRO to 1 FIRO a block, which would take the rate of issuance from 6.83% to about 1.09% a year at today's supply.
- Zcash: block 6,132,390, 2,557,843 blocks after the latest one read, about (in 740 days). The reward falls from 0.52083333 ZEC to 0.26041666 ZEC a block, which would take the rate of issuance from 3.86% to about 1.93% a year at today's supply.
- Monero. None scheduled: the tail emission does not change.
- Zano. None scheduled: the reward is fixed.
- Verge. None: issuance has ended.
Dates are projections: the blocks left to the reduction at the target block time (25 seconds for ZEC, 300 seconds for DCR, 150 seconds for FIRO and 60 seconds for ARRR), from the latest block height read by the daily network health step. Countdowns count whole days in UTC.
Shielded supply
Zcash is the only one of the seven whose shielded supply is measured: zeczcash.com publishes the ZEC held in each shielded pool every day. On 13 Nov 2026 the pools held 28.96% of the supply.
The chart is drawn by a script; the latest shares are in the table under it.
The ZEC in each pool divided by the supply on the same day, one point a week since 29 Oct 2018. Sprout no longer takes new funds; since NU6.3 (28 July 2026) no new value may enter Orchard, and Ironwood is the pool that opened then. zeczcash.com's daily figures, as on Anonymity sets.
| Pool | Share of supply | Day |
|---|---|---|
| Sprout | 0.072% | 13 Nov 2026 |
| Sapling | 2.46% | 13 Nov 2026 |
| Orchard | 1.88% | 13 Nov 2026 |
| Ironwood | 24.55% | 13 Nov 2026 |
| All pools | 28.96% | 13 Nov 2026 |
The other six
- Monero. Private by default since RingCT (January 2017): amounts are hidden in every transaction, so there is no transparent part of the supply to set a shielded share against.
- Decred. Amounts are public; CoinShuffle++ mixing hides which input pays which output, so no part of the supply is shielded.
- Firo. The Spark pool hides senders, recipients and amounts, but none of the sources checked publishes how much FIRO it holds.
- Zano. Private by default since the Zarcanum hard fork (March 2024): amounts are hidden, so there is no transparent part of the supply to set a shielded share against.
- Pirate Chain. Peer-to-peer transactions must use shielded addresses, but none of the sources checked publishes how much ARRR the shielded pool holds.
- Verge. Verge hides the network addresses of nodes through Tor; amounts and addresses on the chain are public.
Issuance rules
- Monero
No maximum. Since the main emission ended in 2022, every block pays a tail emission of 0.6 XMR (FINAL_SUBSIDY_PER_MINUTE, 0.3 XMR a minute, at one block every 2 minutes). A block larger than the recent median is paid less.
None scheduled: the tail emission does not change.
- Zcash
Capped at 21 million ZEC (MAX_MONEY). Since NU7 activated at block 3,543,405 on 6 November 2026 a block comes every 25 seconds and pays 0.52083333 ZEC, a third of the 1.5625 ZEC paid every 75 seconds before, so issuance per day is unchanged (ZIP 218). The subsidy halves at block 6,132,390, the third halving, and every 5,040,000 blocks after it. NU7 also takes 60% of transaction fees out of circulation (ZIP 235).
Third halving at block 6,132,390 (ZIP 259), from 0.52083333 to 0.26041666 ZEC a block.
- Decred
Capped just under 21 million DCR (20,999,999.98387408). The block reward started at 31.19582664 DCR and falls by a factor of 100/101 every 6,144 blocks, about 21.33 days; since 2023 it has been split 1% to the miner, 89% to the voters and 10% to the treasury.
The next step down of 1/101 comes at the next multiple of 6,144 blocks.
- Firo
6.25 FIRO a block, one block every 2.5 minutes, from block 958,655 (16 September 2024) to block 1,798,654, then a tail emission of 1 FIRO a block with no end (validation.cpp and chainparams.cpp, master of 8 November 2026). The code switches at that height, not at a supply: summed block by block, its rewards reach exactly 21,000,000 FIRO at block 1,798,654 (15,750,000 at block 958,654, with the two switches set by time placed at the blocks Firo's explorer shows: 117,564 for MTP, 486,221 for 2.5-minute blocks). Firo's announcement of 1 September 2024, which the release notes of that hard fork link, says instead that 6.25 FIRO a block continues until a cap of 21.4 million FIRO, with the tail emission from roughly halfway into year 14, more than five years after the fork; the two still differed on 13 November 2026. Coin Metrics' estimate, the supply on this page, was 19,248,195 FIRO on 12 November 2026, about 670,000 more than the rewards the code had paid by then (18,579,106 FIRO by block 1,411,311, read on 13 November).
Tail emission from block 1,798,655: from 6.25 to 1 FIRO a block.
- Finalized Tokenomics 2024
- Firo v0.14.14.0 release notes (the hard fork at block 958,655)
- Insight API: block-index and block (the first blocks at the MTP and 2.5-minute switch times)
- validation.cpp (GetBlockSubsidyWithMTPFlag)
- chainparams.cpp (nSubsidyHalvingSecond, stage4StartBlock, nSubsidyHalvingInterval, tailEmissionBlockSubsidy, nPowTargetSpacingMTP)
- pow.cpp (the block spacing halved from stage3StartTime)
- Zano
No maximum. A fixed reward of 1 ZANO for every proof-of-work and proof-of-stake block, about one a minute, and all transaction fees are burned, so the net issuance is the reward less the fees.
None scheduled: the reward is fixed.
- Pirate Chain
No initial supply. The reward started at 256 ARRR a block, one block a minute, and halves every 388,885 blocks, about 270 days (ac_reward 25600000000 and ac_halving 77777, which the code multiplies by five for this chain), so issuance tends to about 199.1 million ARRR; the README gives a maximum of 200 million.
The eleventh halving at block 4,277,735, from 0.25 to 0.125 ARRR a block.
- Verge
Issuance is complete: the README's reward table pays nothing from block 7,200,001 and gives the total supply as 16,521,951,238 XVG, marked complete. MAX_MONEY in the code is 16,555,000,000 XVG.
None: issuance has ended.
Sources and method
How the figures are worked out
Supply in circulation. Coin Metrics' daily market cap divided by its price, which gives the supply its market cap counts, for Monero, Decred, Firo, Zano and Verge (its estimated supply for the last three, which it does not read from a node of its own). Zcash's comes from zeczcash.com's daily export, with ZecStats' current figure for the latest day, as on the overview. That total includes the ZEC in the development fund lockbox, a value pool of the chain with no outputs that no one can spend until it is paid out (75,914 ZEC on 12 November 2026; ZIP 2001), while Coin Metrics counts only what is visible on the ledger, so its Zcash figure has run below zeczcash.com's since NU6 in November 2024 and rose by the 78,750 ZEC that NU6.1 paid out of the lockbox on 24 November 2025 (ZIP 271). For Decred, Coin Metrics' figure is about 225,500 DCR above the mined supply dcrdata reports (17,686,386 DCR on 11 November 2026), which matches the 225,639 DCR the treasury had paid out since 2021: a treasury payment draws on the treasury's balance without spending an output, so a count of unspent outputs, which is how Coin Metrics measures supply, includes both the coins paid into the treasury and those paid out of it. Coin Metrics does not cover Pirate Chain, so its supply is what the rule has issued up to the block height read each day: a figure from the rule, not a count of coins.
Rate of issuance. The reward of the next block times the blocks in a year of 365.25 days at the target block time, divided by the supply in circulation. It counts new coins only: Zano burns its transaction fees and Zcash 60% of its fees since NU7, which these rates leave out. Where a daily series of the supply exists, the table also gives the rate measured from it: the growth of the supply over the last 12 months, as a share of the supply a year before. The two differ where blocks miss their target time, fees are burned, or the source revised its series.
New coins a day, in US dollars. A day's new coins at the target block time, times the latest daily price: Coin Metrics' for five coins, ZecStats' for Zcash. No price is stored for Pirate Chain.
Projections. The scheduled supply and the date of the next reduction apply the rule from the latest block height read by the network health step (15 Nov 2026), at the target block time. They are not forecasts: blocks come faster or slower than the target, and a network upgrade can change the rule.
The rules were checked against each project's code and documentation on 13 Nov 2026. The figures and weekly series are in supply.json, under the site's licence and credits.
Data sources
- Asset metrics: CapMrktCurUSD, CapMrktEstUSD and PriceUSD, daily
- Coin Metrics Community Data: CC BY-NC 4.0, as stated in the API documentation
- Shielded supply export (daily ZEC supply and shielded pools)
- ZecStats summary (the current supply and pools)
Block heights: the public nodes and explorers listed on Network health. Coin Metrics Community Data is under CC BY-NC 4.0; ZecStats under CC BY 4.0. Information only, not investment advice.